The Fleet: Its Rivers, Prison, and MarriagesAshton, John
History
The Fleet: Its Rivers, Prison, and Marriages
Ashton, John
Fleet Prison (London, England); Fleet, River (England)
The French, too, have a cognate term, especially in Norman towns,
as Barfleur, Honfleur, Harfleur, &c., which were originally written
Barbe_flot_, Hune_flot_, and Hare_flot_: and these were sometimes
written Hareflou, Huneflou, and Barfleu, which latter comes very near
to the Latin _flevus_, called by Ptolemy _fleus_, and by Mela _fletio_.
Again, in Brittany many names end in _pleu_, or _plou_, which seems to
be very much like the Greek [Greek: pleô]: _full_, _swollen_, which
corresponds to our Anglo-Saxon Flede; Dutch Vliet.
But it has another, and a very pretty name, "THE RIVER OF WELLS,"
from the number of small tributaries that helped to swell its stream,
and from the wells which bordered its course; such as Sadler's
Wells, Bagnigge Wells, White Conduit, Coldbath, Lamb's Conduit,
Clerkenwell--all of which (although all were not known by those names
in Stow's times) were in existence.
Stow, in his "SURVEY OF LONDON" (ed. 1603, his last edition, and which
consequently has his best corrections), says--
[Sidenote: "_Riuer of Wels._]
[Sidenote: _Decay of the Riuer of the Wels._]
[Sidenote: _Parliament Record._]
[Sidenote: _Riuer of Wels bare ships._]
[Sidenote: Patent Record. _Mils by Baynards Castel, made in the first
of King John._]
[Sidenote: _Turnemill Brooke._]
That the riuer of Wels in the west parte of the Citty, was of
olde so called of the Wels, it may be proued thus, William the
Conqueror in his Charter to the Colledge of S. Marten le Grand
in London, hath these wordes: I doe giue and graunt to the same
Church all the land and the Moore, without the Posterne, which
is called Cripplegate, on eyther part of the Postern, that is
to say, from the North corner of the Wall, as the riuer of the
Wels, there neare running, departeth the same More from the
Wall, vnto the running water which entereth the Cittie; this
water hath beene long since called the riuer of the Wels, which
name of riuer continued, and it was so called in the raigne of
Edward the first; as shall bee shewed, with also the decay of
the saide riuer. In a fayre Booke of Parliament recordes, now
lately restored to the Tower,[6] it appeareth that a Parliament
being holden at Carlile in the yeare 1307, the 35 of Edward the
I. Henry Lacy Earle of Lincolne, complayned that whereas, in
times past the course of water, running at _London_ vnder _Olde
bourne_ bridge, and _Fleete_ bridge into the Thames, had beene
of such bredth and depth, that 10 or 12 ships, Nauies at once
with marchãdises, were wõt to come to the foresaid bridge of
Fleete, and some of them to Oldborne bridge: now the same course
by filth of the Tanners & such others, was sore decaied; also by
raising of wharfes, but specially by a diversiõ of the waters
made by them of the new _Temple_, for their milles standing
without _Baynardes Castle_, in the first yeare of King _John_,
and diuers other impediments, so as the said ships could not
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