The Florist and Horticultural Journal, Vol. II. No. 7, July, 1853: A Monthly Magazine of Horticulture, Agriculture, Botany, Agricultural Chemistry, Entomology, &c.Various
History
The Florist and Horticultural Journal, Vol. II. No. 7, July, 1853: A Monthly Magazine of Horticulture, Agriculture, Botany, Agricultural Chemistry, Entomology, &c.
forms, or affect the developements of organs; but do neither
change nor annihilate those _essential characteristics_, by
which the plant is rendered permanently distinct from every
other genus and species. The floral organs of many plants are
remarkably subject to modification, under the long-continued
influences of soil, climate, and culture, or management.
Some flowers are rendered _double_, as it is termed, by the
expansion of stamens into petals; others become imperfect, and
even neutral, by the abortion or blighting of the stamens, or
pistils, or both. The _Strawberry_ appears to be very liable
to this kind of blight; and hence the much talked of sorts,
among cultivators, of _pistillates_, and _staminates_,—though
in all the pistillate flowers, which I have examined, there
were _vestiges_ more or less obvious, of abortive _stamens_,
on the rim of the calyx. It also varies much, under culture,
in some other features,—especially in the developement and
character or quality of the _receptacle_, or what is commonly
regarded as _fruit_: but no one, I believe, has yet seen a
Strawberry plant transmuted into a _Cinquefoil_, though so
nearly allied in habit. The organs of plants may be greatly
disguised by the influences above mentioned; but still the
essential distinguishing traits are preserved,—and there
seems to be no insuperable obstacle to prevent a plant, with
modified or abortive organs, from reverting, under a change
of circumstances, to its original condition, and resuming
its pristine form and character. The normal, or what may be
called the _constitutional_ character of the Strawberry-flower,
is to be _perfect_—_i. e._ furnished with both stamens and
pistils (possibly such may be the true normal structure
of _all_ flowers); and although many other plants, as the
Strawberry, are found with _imperfect_, and even _neutral_
flowers,—every Naturalist and careful observer knows, that
there is often an obvious effort and tendency, in such flowers,
to a more complete development: _i. e._ to become _perfect_
and _regular_. We occasionally see _diandrous_ flowers become
_didynamous_,—and _didynamous_ plants developing _regular
petandrous_ flowers; and it is not at all unusual to find the
_staminate tassel_ of the cultivated Maize (_Zea Mays, L._ a
_monoicous_ plant,) bearing _fertile flowers_, and exhibiting
a very successful attempt at the production of an _Ear_—or
_cluster of Ears_—of _Indian corn_. These instances, I trust
(for it is needless to multiply them,) may suffice to show that
there is nothing irrational, nor incredible, in MR. MEEHAN’S
observations; and that it is rather strong phraseology,
to declare such phenomena to be “_utterly impossible_.”
The polemic writers on this Strawberry question, speak of
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