Perianth 6-parted or 6-cleft. Fertile stamens 6-9. 7 7. Fertile stamens 6, each with 2 glands. Flowers in racemes.--Species 1. Madagascar. =Berniera= Baill. Fertile stamens 9, rarely 6, all or the outer ones without glands. Flowers in panicles. 8 8. Staminodes within the fertile stamens none. Filaments oblong or obovate, the inner ones each with 2 oblong, wholly adnate glands.--Species 3. Equatorial West Africa (Cameroons). They yield timber. =Tylostemon= Engl. Staminodes within the fertile stamens present. Inner fertile stamens with 2 roundish glands at their base. 9 9. Perianth persistent. Leaves herbaceous.--Species 1. Canary Islands and Madeira. Yields timber. =Apollonias= Nees Perianth deciduous. Leaves leathery.--Species 20. Tropics. Some species yield timber or edible seeds. (_Afrodaphne_ Stapf, _Hufelandia_ Nees, _Nesodaphne_ Hook., under _Tylostemon_ Engl.) =Beilschmiedia= Nees 10. (1.) Anthers 9-14 (usually 12), all turned inwards. Flowers dioecious, in umbels.--Species 2. Naturalized in the Mascarenes and Seychelles. They yield timber, a fat, and medicaments. (_Tetranthera_ Jaqu.) [Tribe LITSEEAE.] =Litsea= Lam. Anthers 9, the outer turned inwards, the inner outwards. Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous, usually in panicles. [Tribe CINNAMOMEAE.] 11 11. Staminodes very small and awl-shaped or wanting. Receptacle accrescent. Flowers usually polygamous. 12 Staminodes well developed, thickened at the apex. Receptacle scarcely or not accrescent. Flowers usually hermaphrodite. 13 12. Anther-valves side by side. Ovary inferior.--Species 1. West Africa (Cameroons). (Under _Ocotea_ Aubl.) =Hypodaphnis= Stapf Anther-valves in superposed pairs. Ovary superior.--Species 15. Tropical and South Africa, Canary Islands, Azores. They yield timber, fat, condiments, and medicaments. (Including _Mespilodaphne_ and _Oreodaphne_ Nees). (Plate 51.) =Ocotea= Aubl. 13. Leaves trinerved. Perianth-segments falling singly after the time of flowering.--Species 2 (_C. zeylanicum_ Breyn, cinnamon, and _C. camphora_ Nees & Eberm., camphor). Cultivated in the tropics. They yield timber, spices, and drugs for industrial and medicinal uses. =Cinnamomum= Blume Leaves penninerved. Perianth persisting or falling off as a whole. 14 [Illustration: LAURACEAE. _FLOW. PL. AFR._ _Pl. 51._ J. Fleischmann del. Ocotea bullata (Burch.) Benth. _A_ Flowering branch. _B_ Male flower cut lengthwise. _C_ Stamens. _D_ Staminode. _E_ Female flower cut lengthwise. _F_ Group of fruits. _G_ Young fruit cut lengthwise.] [Illustration: PAPAVERACEAE. _FLOW. PL. AFR._ _Pl. 52._ J. Fleischmann del. Trigonocapnos curvipes Schlecht. _A_ Flowering branch. _B_ Flower. _C_ Petals (_a_ the upper, _b_ one of the lateral, _c_ the lower). _D_ Bundle of stamens (the third anther not visible). _E_ Pistil (the ovary cut lengthwise).]