Spikelets in spike-like panicles. Outer glumes distinctly keeled. Leaves flat. 132 132. Flowering glume somewhat longer than the outer. Outer glumes unarmed.--Species 4. North Africa to Senegambia, East Africa, Madagascar. =Heleochloa= Host Flowering glume much shorter than the outer. Outer glumes mucronate or shortly awned.--Species 5. North Africa to Senegambia. Some species have edible seeds or are used as ornamental grasses. _Ph. pratense_ L. is a valuable fodder-grass. “Timothy-grass.” =Phleum= L. 133. Flowering glume harder than the outer glumes at maturity, tightly enclosing the fruit. Axis of the spikelet not prolonged beyond the flower. [Subtribe STIPINAE.] 134 Flowering glume thinner than the outer at maturity, loosely enclosing or not enclosing the fruit, rarely harder or tightly enclosing the fruit, but then the axis of the spikelet prolonged into a bristle. 137 134. Flowering glume awnless.--Species 1. North-west Africa (Algeria). Yields edible seeds and is used as an ornamental grass. =Milium= L. Flowering glume awned. 135 135. Flowering glume narrow, with a 3-branched awn, but the lateral branches sometimes very short. Lodicules 2.--Species 80. Some of them have edible seeds or are used as fodder. (Including _Arthratherum_ Beauv.) =Aristida= L. Flowering glume with a single awn. 136 136. Flowering glume narrow, with a strong, kneed, usually twisted, persistent awn. Palea not distinctly keeled. Lodicules usually 3.--Species 15. North Africa, northern East Africa, Madagascar, and South Africa. The Esparto-grass (_St. tenacissima_ L.) is used for the manufacture of paper, ropes, and in plaiting-work, other species as ornamental grasses (feather-grass); some have edible seeds. (_Stupa_ L., including _Macrochloa_ Kunth) =Stipa= L. Flowering glume broad, with a fine, short, deciduous awn. Palea 2-keeled. Lodicules usually 2.--Species 3. North Africa, one species also introduced into South Africa. (_Piptatherum_ Beauv.) =Oryzopsis= Michx. 137. Fruit not enclosed by the glumes; pericarp usually loose and dehiscing. Axis of the spikelet not produced beyond the flower. Glumes unarmed. Flowering glume usually longer than the outer ones.--Species 60. Some of them yield edible seeds or are used as fodder and for plaiting-work. (Including _Triachyrium_ Hochst. and _Vilfa_ Beauv.) =Sporobolus= R. Br. Fruit enclosed by the flowering glume and the palea; pericarp usually adnate to the seed. 138 138. Spikelets of two kinds, the fertile surrounded by the sterile, which consist of numerous glumes. Flowering glume 1-nerved, with a dorsal awn.--Species 1. North Africa and Abyssinia; also introduced into South Africa. Used as an ornamental grass. (_Chrysurus_ Pers.) =Lamarckia= Moench Spikelets all alike. 139