Spikelets in panicles, racemes, or spikes. Flowering glumes free. Styles 2, free. Stigmas feathery. 156 156. Outer glumes with a cartilaginous, pectinately-toothed keel. Panicle spike-like. (See 112.) =Prionachne= Nees Outer glumes membranous. 157 157. Outer glumes hemispherical. Panicle spike-like.--Species 1. North-west Africa (Algeria). =Airopsis= Desv. Outer glumes not hemispherical. Panicle spreading. 158 158. Outer glumes shorter than the flowering glumes. Flowering glumes truncate or minutely toothed.--Species 1. North-west Africa. (Under _Aira_ L.) =Molineria= Parl. Outer glumes somewhat longer than the flowering glumes. 159 159. Flowering glumes blunt, unarmed, hardened at maturity. Axis of the spikelet very short. (See 21.) =Isachne= R. Br. Flowering glumes 3-lobed, 2-toothed, or mucronate, usually provided with a dorsal awn, not hardened at maturity. 160 160. Flowering glumes 3-lobed, unarmed. Axis of the spikelet somewhat elongated between the flowers.--Species 1. North-west Africa (Algeria). Used as an ornamental grass. (Under _Aira_ L.) =Antinoria= Parl. Flowering glumes 2-toothed or mucronate, nearly always with a dorsal awn. Axis of the spikelet very short.--Species 8. Extra-tropical regions and mountains of the tropics. Some species are used as ornamental grasses. =Aira= L. 161. (154.) Flowering glumes with a terminal awn inserted between the apical lobes or teeth. 162 Flowering glume with a dorsal awn inserted below the apex. 168 162. Spikelets 2-flowered; the lower flower male, the upper female or hermaphrodite. 163 Spikelets 2-or more flowered; all flowers hermaphrodite or the uppermost male. Flowering glumes 5-11-nerved. 165 163. Spikelets in clusters of 3 at the tips of the branches of a raceme or panicle.--Species 13. Tropical and South Africa. =Tristachya= Nees Spikelets solitary at the tips of the branches of a panicle. 164 164. Palea auricled. Flowering glume of the upper flower not distinctly toothed. Spikelets small.--Species 4. Tropical and South Africa. Some are used for plaiting-work. =Arundinella= Raddi Palea not auricled. Flowering glume of the upper flower distinctly toothed. Spikelets large.--Species 25. Tropical and South Africa. =Trichopteryx= Nees 165. Spikelets with 2 flowers and a minute or bristle-like continuation of the axis. Flowering glumes with 2-4, at least partly bristle-like teeth. 166 Spikelets with 3 or more flowers, the uppermost of which is usually incomplete. Flowering glumes with 2 rarely bristle-like teeth. 167 166. Fruit globular; pericarp crusty, almost free from the seed.--Species 5. South Africa. (Under _Danthonia_ DC.) =Pentameris= Beauv. Fruit oblong.--Species 40. Southern and tropical Africa. The seeds of some species are eaten or used in medicine. (Under _Danthonia_ DC.) =Pentaschistis= (Nees) Stapf