The Forgotten Man, and Other EssaysSumner, William Graham
Science
The Forgotten Man, and Other Essays
Sumner, William Graham
Economics; Social sciences
Here another assumption of the bimetallists is involved. They assume
that the metal to be exported would be the one which falls. Thus, if
all nations had a bimetallic circulation, and if the supply of silver
in the United States increased, it would be necessary that this silver
should be proportionately distributed among all the nations in order
to keep up the bimetallic system. No bimetallist has ever faced this
question. They assume that Americans would pay their foreign debts
with silver in that case, and they rely on the international legal
tender law to secure this. This is one of the fallacies of legal tender
referred to at the outset. Rates of exchange and prices would at once
vary to counteract any such operation, just as they always counteract
the injustice of a forced circulation and throw it back on those who
try to perpetrate it. It may suffice to put the case this way. If we
had both metals circulating together so that a merchant obtained both
in substantially equal proportions, and if silver should fall ever
so little in our markets, owing to increased production, and if a
foreigner were selling his products here, intending to carry home his
returns in metal, which metal would he retain to carry away? Obviously
that one which at the time and prospectively had the higher value.
Rates of exchange and prices would adjust themselves so as to bring
about the same result through the mechanism of finance. This is one
of the most subtle questions involved in the general issue, but it is
vital to the bimetallic theory.
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