The freedom of the seas : $b or, The right which belongs to the Dutch to take part in the East Indian tradeGrotius, Hugo
Philosophy
The freedom of the seas : $b or, The right which belongs to the Dutch to take part in the East Indian trade
Grotius, Hugo
Freedom of the seas; Law of the sea
adds: ‘Then what is found in the common sea is common property’, he
rightly objects, saying: ‘But what my net and hooks have taken, is
absolutely my own’.
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Mare igitur proprium omnino alicuius fieri non potest, quia natura
commune hoc esse non permittit, sed iubet, immo ne litus quidem;[73a]
nisi quod haec addenda est interpretatio; ut si quid earum rerum per
naturam occupari possit, id eatenus occupantis fiat, quatenus ea
occupatione usus ille promiscuus non laeditur. Quod merito receptum
est; nam cum ita se habet, cessat utraque exceptio per quam evenisse
diximus, ne omnia in eius proprium transcriberentur.
Quoniam igitur inaedificatio species est occupationis, in litore
licet aedificare, si id fieri potest sine ceterorum incommodo,[74a]
ut Pomponius loquitur, quod ex Scaevola explicabimus, nisi usus
publicus, hoc est communis impediretur. Et qui aedificaverit, soli
dominus fiet, quia id solum nec ullius proprium, nec ad usum communem
necessarium fuit. Est igitur occupantis; sed non diutius quam durat
occupatio, quia reluctari mare possessioni videtur, exemplo ferae,
quae si in naturalem se libertatem receperit, non ultra captoris est,
ita et litus postliminio mari cedit.
Quicquid autem privatum fieri occupando, idem et publicum, hoc est
populi proprium posse ostendimus.[75a] Sic litus Imperi Romani
finibus inclusum, populi Romani esse Celsus
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Therefore the sea can in no way become the private property of any
one, because nature not only allows but enjoins its common use.[73]
Neither can the shore become the private property of any one. The
following qualification, however, must be made. If any part of these
things is by nature susceptible of occupation, it may become the
property of the one who occupies it only so far as such occupation
does not affect its common use. This qualification is deservedly
recognized. For in such a case both conditions vanish through which
it might eventuate, as we have said, that all of it would pass into
private ownership.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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