"We are placed amongst the people," says one of these subaltern clubs,
"we read to them the decrees, and, through lectures and counsel, we
warn them against the publications and intrigues of the aristocrats.
We ferret out and track plotters and their machinations. We welcome and
advise all complainants; we enforce their demands, when just; finally,
we, in some way, attend to all details."
Thanks to these vulgar auxiliaries, but whose lungs and arms are strong,
the party soon becomes dominant; it has force and uses it, and,
denying that its adversaries have any rights, it re-establishes all the
privileges for its own advantage.[1224]
III.--How they view the liberty of the press.
Their political doings.
Let us consider its mode of procedure in one instance and upon a limited
field, the freedom of the press.[1225] In December, 1790, M. Etienne,
an engineer, whom Marat and Fréron had denounced as a spy in their
periodicals, brought a suit against them in the police court. The
numbers containing the libel were seized, the printers summoned to
appear, and M. Etienne claimed a public retraction or 25,000 francs
damages with costs. At this the two journalists, considering themselves
infallible as well as exempt from arrest, are indignant.
"It is of the utmost importance," writes Marat, "that the informer
should not be liable to prosecution as he is accountable only to the
public for what he says and does for the public good."
M. Etienne (surnamed Languedoc), therefore, is a traitor: "Monsieur
Languedoc, I advise you to keep your mouth shut; if I can have you hung
I will." M. Etienne, nevertheless, persists and obtains a first decision
in his favor. Fire and flame are at once belched forth by Marat and
Fréon:
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