_Ungulata._--These are numerous and very _interesting_. The Equidæ are represented by the three-toed _Hipparion_, which {116}continued to exist till the Older Pliocene period. There are three large species of _Rhinoceros_, as well as a species of the extinct genus _Leptodon_ of smaller size. Remains of a very large wild boar (_Sus_) were found. Very interesting is the occurrence of a species of giraffe (_Camelopardalis_) as tall as the African species but more slender; and also an extinct genus _Helladotherium_, not quite so tall as the giraffe but much more robust, and showing some approach to the Antilopidæ in its dentition. Antelopes were abundant, ranging from the size of the gazelle to that of the largest living species. Three or four seem referable to living genera, but the majority are of extinct types, and are classed in the genera _Palæotragus_, _Palæoryx_, _Tragocerus_, and _Palæoreas_; while _Dremotherium_ is an ancient generalized form of _Cervidæ_ or deer. _Proboscidea._--These are represented by two species of _Mastodon_, and two of _Dinotherium_, an extraordinary extinct form supposed to be, to some extent, intermediate between the elephants and the aquatic manatees (_Sirenia_.) _Rodentia._--This order is represented by a species of _Hystrix_, larger than living porcupines. _Edentata._--This order, now almost confined to South America, was represented in the Miocene period by several European species. _Ancylotherium_ and _Macrotherium_, belonging to an extinct family but remotely allied to the African ant-bear (_Orycteropus_), occur in Greece. _Birds._--Species of _Phasianus_ and _Gallus_ were found; the latter especially interesting as being now confined to India. _Reptiles._--These are few and unimportant, consisting of a tortoise (_Testudo_) and a large lizard allied to _Varanus_.