The Geologic Story of Arches National Park: Geological Survey Bulletin 1393 — John Shaqi
The Geologic Story of Arches National Park: Geological Survey Bulletin 1393Lohman, Stanley William
Science
The Geologic Story of Arches National Park: Geological Survey Bulletin 1393
Lohman, Stanley William
Arches National Park (Utah); Geology -- Utah -- Arches National Park -- Guidebooks
[Illustration: PROBABLE STEPS IN FORMATION OF POTHOLE ARCH. _A_,
Original pothole probably formed in relatively level bed of
sandstone, such as this one, which is in an older rock unit—the
White Rim Sandstone Member of the Cutler Formation, a unit not
present in Arches. This pothole, which contains 4 feet of water, is
in nearby Canyonlands National Park (Lohman, 1974, fig. 17), just
north of the edge of the White Rim, about 4½ miles north of the
confluence of the Green and Colorado Rivers. Photograph by E. N.
Hinrichs. _B_, Pothole is being deepened by solution while cliff is
receding toward pothole by weathering. _C_, As erosion continues,
pothole and cave in cliff face are growing deeper. _D_, Pothole Arch
formed by union of vertical pothole and horizontal cave. _E_,
Telephoto view of Pothole Arch from park road near stop 14. Visible
span is 90 feet across and 30 feet high. (Fig. 18)]
[Illustration: Fig. 18 B]
[Illustration: Fig. 18 C]
[Illustration: Fig. 18 D]
[Illustration: Fig. 18 E]
The cause of the wavy bedding in the Dewey Bridge Member, as shown in
figure 17 but as better shown in the frontispiece, is not known for sure
but generally is regarded to be the result of irregular slumping during
or just after deposition of the sediments in a body of water, caused by
the weight of overlying sediments.
The last example I shall take up is Pothole Arch (fig. 18), which
differs from all the other examples in that this arch is roughly
horizontal rather than vertical. Most park visitors, including me, were
not aware of this interesting feature until after publication of the
pamphlet “The Guide to an Auto Tour of Arches National Park,” which, as
previously noted, may be purchased at the Visitor Center. Pothole Arch
caps a ridge high above the road half a mile northwest of Garden of
Eden, so only those who happened to look up at the right place were
aware of its existence.
A different mode of origin than that given in the caption for figure 18
is depicted on a poster in the Visitor Center, which shows the pothole
being formed by a waterfall having an apparent flow rate of several
cubic feet per second. Potholes can be formed in this manner in places
where sufficient streamflow is available, either continuously or
following rainstorms, but I believe the process depicted in figure 18 is
a more likely mode of origin for Pothole Arch.
How to See the Park
As aptly stated on a poster in the Visitor Center, how to see the park
depends in part upon the question “How long can you stay?” Inasmuch as
the park entrance and Visitor Center are beside a through U.S. Highway
(163), many motorists first become aware of the park’s existence from
the entrance sign, and some take time for at least a quick visit, such
as a round trip to The Windows section, which can be made in an hour or
so.
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