Aztec mythology; Indian mythology -- Mexico; Mexico -- Religion
Codex Borgia.—Sheet 14: In this codex the representation of the
Fire-god is in many respects similar to that in Vaticanus B. The face
and body-paint are red. The jewelled fillet is ornamented with the
conventional representation of a cotinga bird in the attitude of flying
down such as may be observed in the figures allied with the Fire-god,
and which is also seen in reliefs at Chichen-Itzà, Yucatan. In the
fillet are placed two arrow-shafts, which represent the two wooden
fire-disks—an ornament that is called “arrow-wig” or “spear-wig.” Above
this is seen a tiara, which broadens as it rises upwards. Xiuhtecutli
wears attached to a long pendant necklace a square plate of blue
colour, made of turquoise mosaic. In some places he wields the
“shooting implement,” the throwing-stick, or the blue throwing-stick,
xiuhatlatl, fashioned in the form of a snake. The scorpion is
frequently placed beside the god, symbolizing, perhaps, the stinging
character of fire.
Codex Telleriano-Remensis.—He holds in one hand the xiuhatlatl, the
throwing-stick painted blue, decked with turquoise mosaic and having a
figure on the top, probably intended for a snake. In the other hand he
has a staff, which at the upper crutch-like end shows an animal’s head,
and the lower a snake’s tail-rattles.
Codex Magliabecchiano.—The Fire-god is here seen in a dancing or
fighting attitude. The dragon-mask lies behind the neck, and he wears a
yellow and red hat resembling an inverted cone, with a serpent motif in
front. The face-paint is yellow for the upper part of the face, the
mouth-region red and the lower posterior part black. His tunic is
white, with a blue sash or centre-piece, and he wears the yellow
breast-ornament. In one hand he carries the atlatl, or spear-thrower,
and in the other a white, unpainted shield.
Sahagun MS.—Sahagun, describing Xiuhtecutli under his minor name of
Ixcoçauhque (“The Yellow-faced”), says that he is painted red and
black, and is smeared with indiarubber on lips and chin. He wears a
headband set with precious stones and a paper crown with a plume of
quetzal-feathers. He carries on his back his fire-snake dress and round
his shoulders is slung a band of bark paper. On his feet he wears bells
and shells. His shield is ornamented with precious stones, and in one
hand he carries an instrument the use of which is apparently
divinatory.
MYTHS
A song given by Sahagun has reference to the Fire-god.
SONG OF THE YELLOW-FACED
(The Fire-gods)
O, in Tzommolco my father shall I dishonour Thee? (i.e. withhold
the sacrifice);
In Tetemocan shall I dishonour Thee?
2
O my master, in the Temple of Mecatlan the yucca Tree shakes (the
kettle-drum made out of wood from the Yucca tree);
In Chicueyocan in the house of the masked, the masked dancers have
come.
3
In Tzommolco they have begun to sing,
In Tzommolco they have begun to sing;
Why do they not come here?
Why do they not come here?
4
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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