Aztec mythology; Indian mythology -- Mexico; Mexico -- Religion
Sahagun says of Uitzilopochtli that, being originally a man, he was a
sort of Hercules, of great strength and warlike, a great destroyer of
towns and slayer of men. In war he had been a living fire, very
terrible to his adversaries; and the device he bore was a dragon’s
head, frightful in the extreme, and casting fire out of its mouth. A
great wizard he had been, and sorcerer, transforming himself into the
shape of divers birds and beasts. While he lived, the Mexicans esteemed
this man very highly for his strength and dexterity in war, and when he
died they honoured him as a god, offering slaves, and sacrificing them
in his presence. And they looked to it that those slaves were well fed
and well decorated with such ornaments as were in use, with earrings
and visors; all for the greater honour of the god. In Tlaxcala also
they had a deity called Camaxtli, who was similar to this
Huitzilopochtli. [91]
The myth of Uitzilopochtli, as given by Sahagun, may be condensed as
follows:
Under the shadow of the mountain of Coatepec, near the Toltec city of
Tollan, there dwelt a pious widow called Coatlicue, the mother of a
tribe of Indians called Centzonuitznaua, who had a daughter called
Coyolxauhqui, and who daily repaired to a small hill with the intention
of offering up prayers to the gods in a penitent spirit of piety.
Whilst occupied in her devotions one day she was surprised by a small
ball of brilliantly coloured feathers falling upon her from on high.
She was pleased by the bright variety of its hues and placed it in her
bosom, intending to offer it up to the Sun-god. Some time afterwards
she learnt that she was to become the mother of another child. Her
sons, hearing of this, rained abuse upon her, being incited to
humiliate her in every possible way by their sister Coyolxauhqui.
Coatlicue went about in fear and anxiety; but the spirit of her unborn
infant came and spoke to her and gave her words of encouragement,
soothing her troubled heart. Her sons, however, were resolved to wipe
out what they considered an insult to their race by the death of their
mother, and took counsel with one another to slay her. They attired
themselves in their war-gear, and arranged their hair after the manner
of warriors going to battle. But one of their number, Quauitlicac,
relented and confessed the perfidy of his brothers to the still unborn
Uitzilopochtli, who replied to him: “O uncle, [92] hearken attentively
to what I have to say to you. I am fully informed of what is going to
happen.” With the intention of slaying their mother, the Indians went
in search of her. At their head marched their sister, Coyolxauhqui.
They were armed to the teeth, and carried bundles of darts, with which
they intended to kill the luckless Coatlicue.
Quauitlicac climbed the mountain to acquaint Uitzilopochtli with the
news that his brothers were approaching to kill their mother.
“Mark well where they are at,” replied the infant god. “To what place
have they advanced?”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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