The Golden Bough: A Study in Comparative Religion (Vol. 1 of 2)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Comparative Religion (Vol. 1 of 2)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
A second time he runs at the carcass and
drinks of the blood; a second time he is forced into the chair and
continues his predictions. It is thought there is a spirit in him which
possesses the power of prophecy.(133) At Rhetra, a great religious capital
of the Western Slavs, the priest tasted the blood of the sacrificed oxen
and sheep in order the better to prophesy.(134) The true test of a Dainyal
or diviner among some of the Hindoo Koosh tribes is to suck the blood from
the neck of a decapitated goat.(135) The other mode of producing temporary
inspiration, to which I shall here refer, is by means of a branch or
leaves of a sacred tree. Thus in the Hindoo Koosh a fire is kindled with
twigs of the sacred cedar; and the Dainyal or sibyl, with a cloth over her
head, inhales the thick pungent smoke till she is seized with convulsions
and falls senseless to the ground. Soon she rises and raises a shrill
chant, which is caught up and loudly repeated by her audience.(136) So
Apollo’s prophetess ate the sacred laurel before she prophesied.(137) It
is worth observing that many peoples expect the victim as well as the
priest or prophet to give signs of inspiration by convulsive movements of
the body; and if the animal remains obstinately steady, they esteem it
unfit for sacrifice. Thus when the Yakuts sacrifice to an evil spirit, the
beast must bellow and roll about, which is considered a token that the
evil spirit has entered into it.(138) Apollo’s prophetess could give no
oracles unless the victim to be sacrificed trembled in every limb when the
wine was poured on its head. But for ordinary Greek sacrifices it was
enough that the victim should shake its head; to make it do so, water was
poured on it.(139) Many other peoples (Tonquinese, Hindoos, Chuwash, etc.)
have adopted the same test of a suitable victim; they pour water or wine
on its head; if the animal shakes its head it is accepted for sacrifice;
if it does not, it is rejected.(140)
The person temporarily inspired is believed to acquire, not merely divine
knowledge, but also, at least occasionally, divine power. In Cambodia,
when an epidemic breaks out, the inhabitants of several villages unite and
go with a band of music at their head to look for the man whom the local
god is believed to have chosen for his temporary incarnation. When found,
the man is taken to the altar of the god, where the mystery of incarnation
takes place. Then the man becomes an object of veneration to his fellows,
who implore him to protect the village against the plague.(141) The image
of Apollo at Hylæ in Phocis was believed to impart superhuman strength.
Sacred men, inspired by it, leaped down precipices, tore up huge trees by
the roots, and carried them on their backs along the narrowest
defiles.(142) The feats performed by inspired dervishes belong to the same
class.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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