The Golden Bough: A Study in Comparative Religion (Vol. 1 of 2)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Comparative Religion (Vol. 1 of 2)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
Basket and set it up at their own well.(312) In the neighbourhood of
Ertingen (Würtemberg) a masker of the same sort, known as the Lazy Man
(_Latzmann_), goes about the village on Midsummer Day; he is hidden under
a great pyramidal or conical frame of wicker-work, ten or twelve feet
high, which is completely covered with sprigs of fir. He has a bell which
he rings as he goes, and he is attended by a suite of persons dressed up
in character—a footman, a colonel, a butcher, an angel, the devil, the
doctor, etc. They march in Indian file and halt before every house, where
each of them speaks in character, except the Lazy Man, who says nothing.
With what they get by begging from door to door they hold a feast.(313)
In the class of cases of which the above are specimens it is obvious that
the leaf-clad person who is led about is equivalent to the May-tree,
May-bough, or May-doll, which is carried from house to house by children
begging. Both are representatives of the beneficent spirit of vegetation,
whose visit to the house is recompensed by a present of money or food.
Often the leaf-clad person who represents the spirit of vegetation is
known as the king or the queen; thus, for example, he or she is called the
May King, Whitsuntide King, Queen of May, and so on. These titles, as
Mannhardt observes, imply that the spirit incorporate in vegetation is a
ruler, whose creative power extends far and wide.(314)
In a village near Salzwedel a May-tree is set up at Whitsuntide and the
boys race to it; he who reaches it first is king; a garland of flowers is
put round his neck and in his hand he carries a May-bush, with which, as
the procession moves along, he sweeps away the dew. At each house they
sing a song, wishing the inmates good luck, referring to the “black cow in
the stall milking white milk, black hen on the nest laying white eggs,”
and begging a gift of eggs, bacon, etc.(315) In some villages of Brunswick
at Whitsuntide a May King is completely enveloped in a May-bush. In some
parts of Thüringen also they have a May King at Whitsuntide, but he is got
up rather differently. A frame of wood is made in which a man can stand;
it is completely covered with birch boughs and is surmounted by a crown of
birch and flowers, in which a bell is fastened. This frame is placed in
the wood and the May King gets into it. The rest go out and look for him,
and when they have found him they lead him back into the village to the
magistrate, the clergyman, and others, who have to guess who is in the
verdurous frame. If they guess wrong, the May King rings his bell by
shaking his head, and a forfeit of beer or the like must be paid by the
unsuccessful guesser.(316) In some parts of Bohemia on Whit-Monday the
young fellows disguise themselves in tall caps of birch bark adorned with
flowers. One of them is dressed as a king and dragged on a sledge to the
village green, and if on the way they pass a pool the sledge is always
overturned into it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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