The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 01 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 01 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
In Mabuiag, an island between New Guinea and Australia, there were men
whose business was to make wind for such as wanted it. When engaged in
his professional duties the wizard painted himself black behind and
red on his face and chest. The red in front typified the red cloud
of morning, the black represented the dark blue sky of night. Thus
arrayed he took some bushes, and, when the tide was low, fastened them
at the edge of the reef so that the flowing {p324} tide made them sway
backwards and forwards. But if only a gentle breeze was needed, he
fastened them nearer to the shore. To stop the wind he again painted
himself red and black, the latter in imitation of the clear blue sky,
and then removing the bushes from the reef he dried and burnt them. The
smoke as it curled up was believed to stop the wind: “Smoke he go up
and him clear up on top.”[1156] In some islands of Torres Straits the
wizard made wind by whirling a bull-roarer;[1157] the booming sound of
the instrument probably seemed to him like the roar or the whistling
of the wind. Amongst the Kurnai tribe of Gippsland in Victoria there
used to be a noted raiser of storms who went by the name of Bunjil
Kraura or “Great West Wind.” This wind makes the tall slender trees
of the Gippsland forests to rock and sway so that the natives could
not climb them in search of opossums. Hence the people were forced
to propitiate Bunjil Kraura by liberal offerings of weapons and rugs
whenever the tree-tops bent before a gale. Having received their
gifts, Bunjil Kraura would bind his head with swathes of stringy bark,
and lull the storm to rest with a song which consisted of the words
“Wear—string—Westwind,” repeated again and again.[1158] Apparently the
wizard identified himself with the wind, and fancied that he could bind
it by tying string round his own head. The Kwakiutl Indians of British
Columbia, as we have seen, believe that twins can summon any wind by
merely moving their hands.[1159] In Greenland a woman in child-bed
and for some time after delivery is supposed to possess the power
of laying a storm. She has only to go out of doors, fill her mouth
with air, and coming back into the house blow it out again.[1160] In
antiquity there was a family at Corinth which enjoyed the reputation
of being able to still the raging wind; but we do not know in what
manner its members exercised a useful function, {p325} which probably
earned for them a more solid recompense than mere repute among the
seafaring population of the isthmus.[1161] Even in Christian times,
under the reign of Constantine, a certain Sopater suffered death at
Constantinople on a charge of binding the winds by magic, because it
happened that the corn-ships of Egypt and Syria were detained afar off
by calms or head-winds, to the rage and disappointment of the hungry
Byzantine rabble.[1162] An ancient charm to keep storms from damaging
the crops was to bury a toad in a new earthen vessel in the middle of
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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