The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 01 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 01 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
Another point in the myth of Hippolytus which deserves attention is
the frequent recurrence of horses in it. His name signifies either
“horse-loosed” or “horse-looser”;[105] he consecrated twenty horses to
Aesculapius at Epidaurus;[106] he was killed by horses; the Horse’s
Fount probably flowed not far from the temple which he built for
Wolfish Artemis; and horses were sacred to his grandsire Poseidon, who
had an ancient sanctuary in the wooded island across the bay, where
the ruins of it may still be seen in the pine-forest.[107] Lastly,
Hippolytus’s sanctuary at Troezen was said to have been founded by
Diomede, whose mythical connexion both with horses and wolves is
attested. For the Veneti, at the head of the Adriatic, were famed for
their breed of horses, and they had a sacred grove of Diomede, at the
spot where many springs burst forth from the foot of a lofty cliff,
forming at once the broad and deep river Timavus (the modern Timao),
which flows with a still and tranquil current into the neighbouring
sea. Here the Veneti sacrificed a white horse to Diomede; and
associated with his grove were two others, sacred to Argive Hera and
Aetolian Artemis. In these groves wild beasts were reported to lose
their ferocity, and deer to herd with wolves. Moreover, the horses of
the district, famed for their speed, were said to have been branded
with the mark of a wolf.[108] Thus Hippolytus was associated with the
horse in many ways, and this association may have been used to explain
more features of the Arician ritual than the mere exclusion of the
animal from the sacred grove.[109] {p28} To this point we shall return
later on. Whether his relation to wolves was also invoked to account
for any other aspect of the worship at Nemi we cannot say, since the
wolf plays no part in the scanty notices of that worship which have
come down to us.[110] But doubtless, as one of the wild creatures of
the wood, the beast would be under the special care of Diana.
[Sidenote: Hair offered before marriage to Hippolytus and others.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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