The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 03 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 03 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
private name to be known, the whole village is tabooed for two days and a
feast is provided at the expense of the culprit.(1206) A Manegre, of the
upper valley of the Amoor, will never mention his own name nor that of one
of his fellows. Only the names of children are an exception to this
rule.(1207) A Bagobo man of Mindanao, one of the Philippine Islands, never
utters his own name from fear of being turned into a raven, because the
raven croaks out its own name.(1208) The natives of the East Indian island
of Buru, and the Manggarais of West Flores are forbidden by custom to
mention their own names.(1209) When Fafnir had received his death-wound
from Sigurd, he asked his slayer what his name was; but the cunning Sigurd
concealed his real name and mentioned a false one, because he well knew
how potent are the words of a dying man when he curses his enemy by
name.(1210)
(M198) The Indians of Chiloe, a large island off the southern coast of
Chili, keep their names secret and do not like to have them uttered aloud;
for they say that there are fairies or imps on the mainland or
neighbouring islands who, if they knew folk’s names, would do them an
injury; but so long as they do not know the names, these mischievous
sprites are powerless.(1211) The Araucanians, who inhabit the mainland of
Chili to the north of Chiloe, will hardly ever tell a stranger their names
because they fear that he would thereby acquire some supernatural power
over themselves. Asked his name by a stranger, who is ignorant of their
superstitions, an Araucanian will answer, “I have none.”(1212) Names taken
from plants, birds, or other natural objects are bestowed on the Indians
of Guiana at their birth by their parents or the medicine-man, “but these
names seem of little use, in that owners have a very strong objection to
telling or using them, apparently on the ground that the name is part of
the man, and that he who knows the name has part of the owner of that name
in his power. To avoid any danger of spreading knowledge of their names,
one Indian, therefore, generally addresses another only according to the
relationship of the caller and the called, as brother, sister, father,
mother, and so on; or, when there is no relationship, as boy, girl,
companion, and so on. These terms, therefore, practically form the names
actually used by Indians amongst themselves.”(1213) Amongst the Indians of
the Goajira peninsula in Colombia it is a punishable offence to mention a
man’s name; in aggravated cases heavy compensation is demanded.(1214) The
Indians of Darien never tell their names, and when one of them is asked,
“What is your name?” he answers, “I have none.”(1215) For example, the
Guami of Panama, “like the greater part of the American Indians, has
several names, but that under which he is known to his relations and
friends is never mentioned to a stranger; according to their ideas a
stranger who should learn a man’s name would obtain a secret power over
him.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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