The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 06 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 06 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
For in the belief of the Baganda every person has a double,
namely, the afterbirth or placenta, which is born immediately after him
and is regarded by the people as a second child. Now that double has a
ghost of its own, which adheres to the navel-string; and if the person is
to remain healthy, it is essential that the ghost of his double should be
carefully preserved. Hence every Baganda man and woman keeps his or her
navel-string wrapt up in bark cloth as a treasure of great price on which
his health and prosperity are dependent; the precious little bundle is
called his Twin (_mulongo_), because it contains the ghost of his double,
the afterbirth. If that is deemed necessary for everybody, much more is it
deemed essential for the welfare of the king; hence during his life the
stump of his navel-string is kept, as we saw,(446) by one of the principal
ministers of state and is inspected by the king himself every month. And
when his majesty has departed this life, the unity of his spirit
imperatively demands that his own ghost and the ghost of his double should
be kept together in the same place; that is why the jawbone and the
navel-string of every dead king are carefully preserved in the same
temple, because the two ghosts adhere respectively to these two parts of
his person, and it would be unreasonable and indeed cruel to divide
them.(447)
(M143) The two ghosts having been thus safely lodged in the two precious
parcels, the next thing was to install them in the temple, where they were
to enter on their career of beneficent activity. A site having been
chosen, the whole country supplied the labour necessary for building the
temple; and ministers were appointed to wait upon the dead king. The
officers of state who had held important posts during his life retained
their titles and continued to discharge their duties towards their old
master in death. Accordingly houses were built for them near the temple.
The dowager queen also took up her residence at the entrance to the temple
enclosure, and became its principal guardian. Many also of the king’s
widows of lower rank were drafted off to live inside the enclosure and
keep watch over it. When the queen or any of these widows died, her place
was supplied by another princess or a woman of the same clan; for the
temple was maintained in perpetuity. However, when the reigning king died,
the temple of his predecessor lost much of its importance, though it was
still kept up in a less magnificent style; indeed no temple of a dead king
was allowed to disappear altogether.(448) Of all the attendants at the
temple the most important probably was the prophet or medium (_mandwa_),
whose business it was from time to time to be inspired by the ghost of the
deceased monarch and to give oracles in his name. To this holy office he
dedicated himself by drinking a draught of beer and a draught of milk out
of the dead king’s skull.(449)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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