The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 06 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 06 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
(M216) But the rites in which the children of living parents are required
to officiate do not always aim at promoting the growth of the crops. At
Olympia the olive-branches which formed the victors’ crowns had to be cut
from a sacred tree with a golden sickle by a lad whose father and mother
must be both alive.(618) The tree was a wild olive growing within the holy
precinct, at the west end of the temple of Zeus. It bore the name of the
Olive of the Fair Crown, and near it was an altar to the Nymphs of the
Fair Crowns.(619) At Delphi every eighth year a sacred drama or
miracle-play was acted which drew crowds of spectators from all parts of
Greece. It set forth the slaying of the Dragon by Apollo. The principal
part was sustained by a lad, the son of living parents, who seems to have
personated the god himself. In an open space the likeness of a lordly
palace, erected for the occasion, represented the Dragon’s den. It was
attacked and burned by the lad, aided by women who carried blazing
torches. When the Dragon had received his deadly wound, the lad, still
acting the part of the god, fled far away to be purged of the guilt of
blood in the beautiful Vale of Tempe, where the Peneus flows in a deep
wooded gorge between the snowy peaks of Olympus and Ossa, its smooth and
silent tide shadowed by overhanging trees and tall white cliffs. In places
these great crags rise abruptly from the stream and approach each other so
near that only a narrow strip of sky is visible overhead; but where they
recede a little, the meadows at their foot are verdant with evergreen
shrubs, among which Apollo’s own laurel may still be seen. In antiquity
the god himself, stained with the Dragon’s blood, is said to have come, a
haggard footsore wayfarer, to this wild secluded glen and there plucked
branches from one of the laurels that grew in its green thickets beside
the rippling river. Some of them he used to twine a wreath for his brows,
one of them he carried in his hand, doubtless in order that, guarded by
the sacred plant, he might escape the hobgoblins which dogged his steps.
So the boy, his human representative, did the same, and brought back to
Delphi wreaths of laurel from the same tree to be awarded to the victors
in the Pythian games. Hence the whole festival of the Slaying of the
Dragon at Delphi went by the name of the Festival of Crowning.(620) From
this it appears that at Delphi as well as at Olympia the boughs which were
used to crown the victors had to be cut from a sacred tree by a boy whose
parents must be both alive.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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