The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 07 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 07 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
(M249) Again, the corn-spirit in the form of a bull or ox is killed on the
harvest-field at the close of the reaping. At Pouilly, near Dijon, when
the last ears of corn are about to be cut, an ox adorned with ribbons,
flowers, and ears of corn is led all round the field, followed by the
whole troop of reapers dancing. Then a man disguised as the Devil cuts the
last ears of corn and immediately slaughters the ox. Part of the flesh of
the animal is eaten at the harvest-supper; part is pickled and kept till
the first day of sowing in spring. At Pont à Mousson and elsewhere on the
evening of the last day of reaping, a calf adorned with flowers and ears
of corn is led thrice round the farmyard, being allured by a bait or
driven by men with sticks, or conducted by the farmer’s wife with a rope.
The calf chosen for this ceremony is the calf which was born first on the
farm in the spring of the year. It is followed by all the reapers with
their tools. Then it is allowed to run free; the reapers chase it, and
whoever catches it is called King of the Calf. Lastly, it is solemnly
killed; at Lunéville the man who acts as butcher is the Jewish merchant of
the village.(938)
(M250) Sometimes again the corn-spirit hides himself amongst the cut corn
in the barn to reappear in bull or cow form at threshing. Thus at
Wurmlingen, in Thüringen, the man who gives the last stroke at threshing
is called the Cow, or rather the Barley-cow, Oats-cow, Peas-cow, or the
like, according to the crop. He is entirely enveloped in straw; his head
is surmounted by sticks in imitation of horns, and two lads lead him by
ropes to the well to drink. On the way thither he must low like a cow, and
for a long time afterwards he goes by the name of the Cow.(939) At
Obermedlingen, in Swabia, when the threshing draws near an end, each man
is careful to avoid giving the last stroke. He who does give it “gets the
Cow,” which is a straw figure dressed in an old ragged petticoat, hood,
and stockings. It is tied on his back with a straw-rope; his face is
blackened, and being bound with straw-ropes to a wheelbarrow he is wheeled
round the village.(940) Here, again, we meet with that confusion between
the human and animal shape of the corn-spirit which we have noted in other
customs. In Canton Schaffhausen the man who threshes the last corn is
called the Cow; in Canton Thurgau, the Corn-bull; in Canton Zurich, the
Thresher-cow. In the last-mentioned district he is wrapt in straw and
bound to one of the trees in the orchard.(941) At Arad, in Hungary, the
man who gives the last stroke at threshing is enveloped in straw and a
cow’s hide with the horns attached to it.(942) At Pessnitz, in the
district of Dresden, the man who gives the last stroke with the flail is
called Bull. He must make a straw-man and set it up before a neighbour’s
window.(943) Here, apparently, as in so many cases, the corn-spirit is
passed on to a neighbour who has not finished threshing. So at
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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