The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 10 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 10 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
(M126) “It is probable that at the original Beltane festival there were
two fires kindled near one another. When any person is in a critical
dilemma, pressed on each side by unsurmountable difficulties, the
Highlanders have a proverb, _The e’ eada anda theine bealtuin_—_i.e._, he
is between the two Beltane fires. There are in several parts small round
hills, which, it is like, owe their present names to such solemn uses. One
of the highest and most central in Icolmkil is called
_Cnoch-nan-ainneal_—_i.e._, the hill of the fires. There is another of the
same name near the kirk of Balquhidder; and at Killin there is a round
green eminence which seems to have been raised by art. It is called
_Tom-nan-ainneal_—_i.e._, the eminence of the fires. Around it there are
the remains of a circular wall about two feet high. On the top a stone
stands upon end. According to the tradition of the inhabitants, it was a
place of Druidical worship; and it was afterwards pitched on as the most
venerable spot for holding courts of justice for the country of
Breadalbane. The earth of this eminence is still thought to be possessed
of some healing virtue, for when cattle are observed to be diseased some
of it is sent for, which is rubbed on the part affected.”(370)
(M127) In the parish of Callander, a beautiful district of western
Perthshire, the Beltane custom was still in vogue towards the end of the
eighteenth century. It has been described as follows by the parish
minister of the time: “Upon the first day of May, which is called
_Beltan_, or _Bal-tein_ day, all the boys in a township or hamlet, meet in
the moors. They cut a table in the green sod, of a round figure, by
casting a trench in the ground, of such circumference as to hold the whole
company. They kindle a fire, and dress a repast of eggs and milk in the
consistence of a custard. They knead a cake of oatmeal, which is toasted
at the embers against a stone. After the custard is eaten up, they divide
the cake into so many portions, as similar as possible to one another in
size and shape, as there are persons in the company. They daub one of
these portions all over with charcoal, until it be perfectly black. They
put all the bits of the cake into a bonnet. Every one, blindfold, draws
out a portion. He who holds the bonnet, is entitled to the last bit.
Whoever draws the black bit, is the _devoted_ person who is to be
sacrificed to _Baal_,(371) whose favour they mean to implore, in rendering
the year productive of the sustenance of man and beast. There is little
doubt of these inhuman sacrifices having been once offered in this
country, as well as in the east, although they now pass from the act of
sacrificing, and only compel the _devoted_ person to leap three times
through the flames; with which the ceremonies of this festival are
closed.”(372)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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