The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 10 of 12) — John Shaqi
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 10 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 10 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
(M32) Among the Indians of California a girl at her first menstruation
“was thought to be possessed of a particular degree of supernatural power,
and this was not always regarded as entirely defiling or malevolent.
Often, however, there was a strong feeling of the power of evil inherent
in her condition. Not only was she secluded from her family and the
community, but an attempt was made to seclude the world from her. One of
the injunctions most strongly laid upon her was not to look about her. She
kept her head bowed and was forbidden to see the world and the sun. Some
tribes covered her with a blanket. Many of the customs in this connection
resembled those of the North Pacific Coast most strongly, such as the
prohibition to the girl to touch or scratch her head with her hand, a
special implement being furnished her for the purpose. Sometimes she could
eat only when fed and in other cases fasted altogether. Some form of
public ceremony, often accompanied by a dance and sometimes by a form of
ordeal for the girl, was practised nearly everywhere. Such ceremonies were
well developed in Southern California, where a number of actions
symbolical of the girl’s maturity and subsequent life were
performed.”(108) Thus among the Maidu Indians of California a girl at
puberty remained shut up in a small separate hut. For five days she might
not eat flesh or fish nor feed herself, but was fed by her mother or other
old woman. She had a basket, plate, and cup for her own use, and a stick
with which to scratch her head, for she might not scratch it with her
fingers. At the end of five days she took a warm bath and, while she still
remained in the hut and plied the scratching-stick on her head, was
privileged to feed herself with her own hands. After five days more she
bathed in the river, after which her parents gave a great feast in her
honour. At the feast the girl was dressed in her best, and anybody might
ask her parents for anything he pleased, and they had to give it, even if
it was the hand of their daughter in marriage. During the period of her
seclusion in the hut the girl was allowed to go by night to her parents’
house and listen to songs sung by her friends and relations, who assembled
for the purpose. Among the songs were some that related to the different
roots and seeds which in these tribes it is the business of women to
gather for food. While the singers sang, she sat by herself in a corner of
the house muffled up completely in mats and skins; no man or boy might
come near her.(109) Among the Hupa, another Indian tribe of California,
when a girl had reached maturity her male relatives danced all night for
nine successive nights, while the girl remained apart, eating no meat and
blindfolded. But on the tenth night she entered the house and took part in
the last dance.(110) Among the Wintun, another Californian tribe, a girl
at puberty was banished from the camp and lived alone in a distant booth,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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