[483] _In Alcibiad._, i. [484] Cicér., _Acad. Quæst._, l. iv., c. 24; Sext. Empir., _Hypotyp._, l. i., c. 4 et 12. [485] Diog. Laërt., l. iv., § 10; Cicer., _Acad. Quæst._, l. iv., c. 18. [486] Desland, _Hist. Critiq. de la Philosoph._, t. ii., p. 258. [487] Euseb., _Præp. Evan._, l. xiv., c. 4. [488] The Greek word is derived from the verb καλύπτειν, to cover with a veil. [489] Bayle, _Dict. crit._, art. ARCÉSILAS. [490] Sextus Empiricus, who was not a man to advance anything thoughtlessly, alleges that Arcesilaus was only a skeptic in semblance and that the doubts which he proposed to his listeners had no other aim than that of seeing if they had enough genius to understand the dogmas of Plato. When he found a disciple who evinced the necessary force of mind, he initiated him into the true doctrine of the Academy (_Pyrrh. hypotyp._, l. i., c. 33). [491] Sext. Empir., _Pyrrh. hypotyp._, l. i., c. 4, 12, 15; l. ii., c. 4, etc. [492] οἵη περ φύλλων γενεή, τοίη δὲ καὶ ἀνδρῶν. _Iliad_, l. vi., v. 146. [493] The Brahmans call the illusion which results from this veil _maya_. According to them, there is only the Supreme Being who really and absolutely exists; all the rest is _maya_, that is to say, phenomenal, even the trinity formed by Brahma, Vishnu, and Rudra. [494] De Gérando, _Hist. comp. des Systèmes de philos._, t. iii., p. 360. [495] De Gérando, _Hist. comp. des Systèmes de philos._, t. iii., p. 361. [496] Zeno having been thrown by a storm into the port of Piræus at Athens, all his life regarded this accident as a blessing from Providence, which had enabled him to devote himself to philosophy and to obey the voice of an oracle which had ordered him to assume “the colour of the dead”; that is, to devote himself to the study of the ancients and to sustain their doctrine. [497] Plutarch, _in Catone majore_. [498] Plutarch, _ibid._; Cicér., _de Rep._, l. ii.; Apud Nonium _voce_ Calumnia. Lactant. l. v., c. 14. [499] C’était à quoi se bornaient les sceptiques anciens. _Voyez_ Sextus Empiricus, _Pyrrh. hypotyp._, l. i., c. 15, et l. ii., c. 4, 12, etc., cité par De Gérando, _Hist. Comp. des Syst._, t. iii., p. 395. [500] _Kritik der Reinen Vernunft_ (Critique de la Raison pure), s. 6. [501] Du mot grec κριτικός, _celui qui est apt à juger_.