Pātalipu'tra, _skt._, Pātalipu'tta, _p._, also called Pātaligāma, a city on the Ganges north of Rājagaha and belonging to the kingdom of Magadha, the frontier station against the Vriji (Vajji), the present Patna. Buddha is reported to have predicted the future greatness of the place, which is an important passage for determining the time in which the account of Buddha's sojourn in Pātaliputra was written. It is still uncertain, however, when Patna became the important centre which it is now. It was the capital of the country when Megasthenes, the ambassador of Seleucus Nicator, at the end of the third century B.C., visited India. He gave in his book a detailed description of the city; Pātaliputra, three dangers hang over. Pātimo'kkha, _p._, Pratimo'ksha, _skt._, (usually spelt Prātimoksha in Buddhistic Sanskrit,) literally "disburdenment." It is the Buddhist confession. Rhys Davids says "that it almost certainly dates from the fifth century B.C. Since that time--during a period that is of nearly two thousand and three hundred years--it has been regularly repeated, twice in each month, in formal meetings of the stricter members of the Order. It occupies, therefore, a unique position in the literary history of the world; and no rules for moral conduct have been for so long a time as these in constant practical use, except only those laid down in the Old Testament and in the works of Confucius" (p. 163). Pā'vā, _p._ and _skt._, a village where Buddha took his last meal. Pokkharasā'ti, _p._, Paushkarasā'ti, _skt._, a Brahman philosopher. Pubbārā'ma, _p._, Pūrvārā'ma, _skt._, the Eastern garden. Pu'kkusa, _p._, Pu'kkasha or Pu'kkasa, _skt._, name of a low caste. Puññ'aji, _p._, Pu'nyajit, _skt._, a friend of Yasa. Ragā, pleasure, desire or lust; a synonym of _rati_. The name of one of Māra's daughters. Rāhula, _p._ and _skt._, the son of Buddha, was admitted to the fraternity while still a boy. Buddha gave him a lesson in truthfulness [see Chapter LVI]. He is always named among the prominent disciples of Buddha and is revered as the patron saint of novices. Rainy season (see Vassa). Rā'jā, _p._ and _skt._, nominative form of the stem rājan, a king (in composition rāja). Rājaga'ha, _p._, Rājagri'ha, _skt._, the capital of Magadha and residence of king Bimbisāra. Ra'tana, _p._, ra'tna, _skt._, "jewel." Rati, love, liking; a synonym of _ragā_. The name of one of Māra's daughters. Saha'mpati, occurs only in the phrase "Brahmā Sahampati," a name frequently used in Buddhist scriptures the meaning of which is obscure. Burnouf renders it _Seigneur des êtres patients_; Eitel, Lord of the inhabitable parts of all universes; H. Kern [in _S.B._, XXI, p. 5] maintains that it is synonymous with Sikhin, which is a common term for Agni. Sa'kka, _p._, Śa'kra, _skt._, Lord; a cognomen of Indra. Sa'kya, Śākya, _skt._, the name of a royal race in the northern frontiers of Magadha.