The Great Horse; or, The War Horse: from the time of the Roman Invasion till its development into the Shire Horse.Gilbey, Walter, Sir
History
The Great Horse; or, The War Horse: from the time of the Roman Invasion till its development into the Shire Horse.
Gilbey, Walter, Sir
Horses; Horses -- Great Britain -- History; Shire horse
Our next piece of evidence comes, not from the writer but from the
artist, if he may be called so; not from without the shores of Britain
but from within. For some historical purposes coins serve a purpose as
valuable as pictures, and the present is a case in point. The coins of
which illustrations are here given are among the very earliest known to
have been struck in this island. They date from the age of Cunobelin
(the First century), and are therefore the production of a period when
neither Art nor Agriculture had place in the country; they are relics of
a time when the conditions of life required only the herdsman and the
soldier. With these facts in mind we may examine these coins and see
what we can gather from them. The fact that the device on each is a
horse suggests at once that this animal played a most important part in
the social economy of the people who struck the coins. They were among
those found on the borders of Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire, and
are believed to have been circulated in the interest of the Iceni, a
tribe which distinguished itself above all others by its resolute
resistance to the Roman troops.
The head and front of the power of resistance displayed by the Iceni lay
in their skilful employment of the war-chariot as a means of attack--in
other words, in the efficiency of their powerful and disciplined horses.
There was no agriculture among these people, and the importance of the
horse which led to the adoption of its figure as a numismatic device was
due to the part it played in war. Now these quaintly archaic designs
must not be compared with the works of art by which Greek and Roman
civilisation was made famous, and laughed aside as contemptible. The
true standard of comparison is found in the rude figures in rock
inscriptions, and in the ornamentation on the weapons and tools of what
we now call savage races. Measured by this standard these designs boast
merit, for the artist has succeeded in conveying an impression of the
character of his ideal horse. His ideal was clearly one of
deep-carcased, wide-buttocked breed, with profuse mane and tail; a
horse, in fact, which possessed some of the prominent characteristics
of the modern Shire horse. Thus we have pictorial evidence to confirm
the written testimony of Julius Cæsar, that twenty centuries ago there
existed in Britain a breed of horses having cardinal points in common
with those massive animals seen to-day, known as Shires, Clydesdales and
Suffolks, and held in the highest esteem.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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