The Great Steel Strike and its LessonsFoster, William Z.
History
The Great Steel Strike and its Lessons
Foster, William Z.
Steel Strike, U.S., 1919-1920; United States Steel Corporation
The new unions immediately boycotted the _Tribune_. Result: the Gary
_Post_, somewhat friendly inclined, doubled its circulation at once. The
_Post_ then became more friendly; whereupon, it is alleged, a leading
banker called the editor to his office and told him that if he did not
take a stand against the unions his credit would be stopped, which would
have meant suspension within the week. That very day the _Post_ joined
the _Tribune's_ campaign of abuse. Apparently the _Post's_ youthful
editor had learned a new wrinkle in journalism.
The Steel Trust did all it could to hold Gary from unionizing; but when
the strike came the walkout was estimated to be 97 per cent. At first
everything went peacefully, but the Steel Corporation was watching for
an opportunity to get its strategic Gary mills into operation. The
occasion presented itself on October 4, when strikers coming from a
meeting fell foul of some homeward bound scabs. Local labor men declare
the resultant scrimmage "did not make as much disturbance as ordinarily
would occur in a saloon when two or three men were fighting." It was a
trivial incident--a matter for the police. Only one man was injured, and
he very slightly. But the inspired press yelled red murder and pictured
the hospitals as full of wounded. The militia were ordered in. The
unions offered to furnish 700 ex-service men to enforce law and order;
but this was rejected. Later the militia were transferred to Indiana
Harbor; on October 6, a provisional regiment of regular troops, under
command of General Leonard Wood, came to Gary from nearby Fort Sheridan,
and martial law was at once proclaimed. The Steel Corporation now had
the situation in hand; and the Gary strike was doomed.
Grave charges were voiced against the misuse made of the Federal troops
in Gary. John Fitzpatrick writes me as follows, basing his statements
upon reliable witnesses:
Now we have military control, the city of Gary being placed
under martial law. The strike leaders and pickets were
arrested by the soldiers and put to work splitting wood and
sweeping the streets. This was most humiliating, because the
camp was across the street from the city hall and in the
most frequented part of the city.
When street-sweeping here did not break their spirits, these
men were taken to the back streets, where they had their
homes and where their own and the neighbor's children
watched them through the windows.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account