The Great Steel Strike and its LessonsFoster, William Z.
History
The Great Steel Strike and its Lessons
Foster, William Z.
Steel Strike, U.S., 1919-1920; United States Steel Corporation
2. Record card: In addition, the relief committee would write out the
data of the case upon a record card and turn it over to the local
secretary in charge of the commissary, who would keep it on file.
3. Commissary card: When the applicant presented his identification card
at the commissary, the local secretary, referring to the record card on
file, would make him out a commissary card, white or green, accordingly
as his family was of five or less, or six or more members. This
commissary card entitled him to draw supplies.
The commissary card had a stub attached. When a striker got his first
half week's supplies, this stub would be detached and retained by the
commissary clerk. Upon his next visit the body of the card would be
taken up. Two important purposes were served by this collection of the
commissary cards--rather than having permanent cards and merely punching
them. First, the canceled cards being sent to the commissariat national
headquarters, it proved conclusively that the strikers had actually
received the provisions shipped to the district; and second, by
compelling the strikers to get new commissary cards each week, it
enabled the local secretaries to keep in close touch with those on the
relief roll.
To lighten the load upon the many inexperienced men working in the
various commissaries, a special effort was made to do as much of the
technical work as possible in the main offices of the National
Committee. Otherwise the commissariat could not possibly have succeeded.
This consideration was a prime factor in restricting the buying of
provisions to Pittsburgh, Chicago and the fewest practical number of
outlying points. It also caused the adoption of the package system, all
bulk goods, except potatoes, being prepared for delivery before leaving
the warehouses. Likewise, the local bookkeeping was simplified to the
last degree. In fact, for the most part the secretaries in charge of the
commissaries hardly needed books at all. The whole system checked itself
from the central points.
As an example of its working, let us suppose that the allotment of a
certain town was 1000 rations. Accordingly, there would be shipped to
that place exactly enough of each article to precisely cover the
allotted number of rations. Then, if the secretary simply saw to it that
he got what he was charged with and issued his supplies carefully in the
right proportions, the whole transaction would balance to a pound, with
hardly a scratch of a pen from him. The bookkeeping was all done at the
general offices. The latter's assurances that each striker had received
his proper ration and that the right number of rations had been issued
were, in the first place, the ration posters hanging on the walls of the
commissary; and in the second, the returned canceled commissary cards.
Barring an occasional slight disruption from delayed shipments, spoiled
goods, shortages, and a little carelessness here and there, the system
worked very well.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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