Huns, 26 _et passim_ Huss, 195, 217 Iberians, the, 8 Immunities, 81, 85 Indo-Europeans, the, 22 Indulgences, 172 Inquisition, the, 173 Investitures, 152 Iona, 42, 62 Ireland, conquest of, 151; gold in, 99 Islam, 70 Italian cities, independence of, 163 _et seq._ Janissaries, the, 219 Jerusalem, kingdom of, 136; regained by Saracens, 138 Jews in Spain, 176 Joan of Arc, 200 Joglars, 157 John, King of England, 150, 159 John of Gaunt, 179, 180 Julian the Apostate, 57 Jutes, 3, 17, 38 Jutland, 3 Knights-errant, 155 Knights of the sword, 141, 212 Kossovo, battle at, 220 Leonardo da Vinci, 230 Lewes, battle at, 183 Lisbon taken from Moors, 137 Lithuanians, the, 211 _et seq._ Lollards, the, 195, 217 Lombard League, the, 164 Lombard Street, 66 Lombards, the, 50, 52 London, 113, 114 Louis XI., 204 Luther, 195, 217 Magna Carta, 150 Magyars, 143 Mahomet, 67 _et seq._ Manchester, 114 Matilda, her claim to crown, 149 Maximilian I., 214 Mayor of Palace, 86 Memoria technica, 50, 51 Mercia, 40 Merovingian kings, 80 Michael Angelo, 230 Minnesingers, 154 Minstrels, 103 Moorish "Conquest" of Spain, 175 _et seq._ Moors, 68 _et seq._ Morgarten, battle of, 216 Moscow, 208 Mote Hill, the, 20 Navarre, 179 Nicopolis, battle at, 220 Nordic, the race, 120 Normandy, its origin, 127 Northmen in Sicily, etc., 134 _et passim_ Northumbria, 40 Novgorod, 210 Odoacer, 46, 47 Orsini, 166 Ostrogoths, 29, 37, 47 _et seq._ Oswi, 42, 62, 63 Ottoman Turks, 218 _et seq._ Paladins, the, 90 Palmyra, Prince of, 15 Papacy, its possessions, 88 Papal State, the, 170 Parliament, beginnings of, 182 Patriarchs, the, 57 Patrocinium, 92 Paul, St., 54, 55 Penda, 42, 61, 62 Pepin, first Carolingian, 87 Persians, the, 22 _et passim_ Peter, St., 54, 55 Peter the Hermit, 134 Petrarch, 192, 229 Petrograd, 210 Philip of France, 159 _et seq._ Picts, 6, 38 Pikemen, the Scottish, 188 Plantagenets, the, 159 Poitiers, battle at, 185 Poles, 211 _et seq._ Pope, the, 54 _et passim_ Pope, two at once, 170 Portugal, kingdom of, 137 Precarium, 83, 92 Ravenna, 52 Renaissance, the, 229 Rent, its origin, 108 Richard, Cœur de Lion, 158 Richard II., his French treaty, 196 Rienzi, 225 Roman citizenship, 9 Roman Empire, 1 _et passim_: boundaries of the, 7; walls of the, 6 Roman legions, 9 _et seq._ Roman posts, 2 Roman roads, 1 Rome, 1 _et passim_ Roncesvalles, battle at, 90 Rudolph, of Habsburgh, 214 Russia, 142 _et passim_ Salian Franks, 48 _et seq._, 79 _et seq._ Sapienza, battle at, 224 Saracens, 58, 67 _et seq._ Saxons, 3 _et passim_ Scotland, a fief of England, 151 Seljuk Turks, 218 Sempach, battle of, 216 Seville regained by Christians, 179 Sleswig, 3, 17, 38 Statute of Mortmain, 194 Stephen, his claim to Crown, 149 Switzerland, its rise, 215 Tacitus, 17 Tapestry, 101 Tartars, 211, 220 Tenterhooks, 102 Tertry, battle at, 86 Teutonic Order, the, 142, 212 Thane, the, 116