Orators -- Greece; Oratory, Ancient; Speeches, addresses, etc., Greek -- History and criticism
The majority of the speeches actually end, according to the Attic
convention which governed both Tragedy and Oratory, in a few sentences of
moderate tone contrasting with the previous excitement; a calm succeeds
to the storm of passions. In the forensic speeches there is usually
at the very end some appeal for a just verdict, or a statement of the
speaker’s conviction that the case may now be safely left to the court’s
decision; thus the _Leptines_ ends with a simplicity worthy of Lysias:
‘I cannot see that I need say any more; for I conceive there
is no point on which you are not sufficiently instructed’; the
_Midias_ more solemnly, ‘On account of all that I have laid
before you, and particularly to show respect to the god whose
festival Midias is proved to have profaned, punish him by
rendering a verdict in accordance with piety and justice.’
In the _de Falsa Legatione_ there is more personal feeling: ‘You must
not let him go, but make his punishment an example to all Athens and
all Greece.’ The _Timocrates_ is rather similar: ‘Mercy under these
circumstances is out of place; to pass a light sentence means to
habituate and educate in wrong-doing as many of you as possible.’ The
_Androtion_ ends with a personal opinion on the aspect of the offence,
and the _Aristocrates_ is in a similar tone. The (first) speech against
Aristogiton appeals directly to the personal interests of all the jurors:
‘His offence touches every one, every one of you: and all of you desire
to be quit of his wickedness and see him punished.’
The _de Corona_ is remarkable in every way; this great speech, which,
arising from causes almost trivial, abandons the slighter issues, and is
transformed into a magnificent defence of the patriotic policy, begins
with a solemn invocation: ‘I begin, men of Athens, with a prayer to
all the gods and goddesses that you may show me in this case as much
good-will as I have shown and still show to Athens and to all of you.’ It
ends in an unique way with an appeal, not to the court but to a higher
tribunal, an appeal which is all the more impressive as its language
recalls the sacred formulas of religious utterance. ‘Never, ye gods of
heaven, never may you give their conduct your sanction; but, if it be
possible, may you impart even to my enemies a sounder mind and heart. But
if they are beyond remedy, hurl them to utter and absolute destruction by
land and sea; and to the rest of us grant, as quickly as may be, release
from the terrors which hang over us, and salvation unshakable.’
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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