Orators -- Greece; Oratory, Ancient; Speeches, addresses, etc., Greek -- History and criticism
Within these limits Lysias aimed at elasticity; though the form of the
speech was to be settled precisely, his artistic sense demanded a variety
in the details. It is remarked by Dionysius that, though he composed two
hundred speeches, he never used the same preface twice. Some orators
were in the habit of using over again the opening sentences which had
already served as introduction to an old speech, and even borrowing such
_proems_ whole from the speeches of their predecessors or from rhetorical
handbooks.
Lysias, with a truer instinct for what was appropriate, composed for
every speech a _proem_ adapted to its requirements. His versatility in
this small matter is much to be admired. It is to be noticed also that
there is considerable variety in his ways of ending his speeches; though
many of his epilogues practically say the same thing in different words,
they nearly all succeed in saying it in a way more appropriate to the
particular speech than to any other.
As there is diversity in these forms, so there is great variety in the
details of expression. There are very few formal mannerisms on which we
could seize if we wished to produce a parody of the style. There are
indeed one or two common necessary phrases which he employed frequently,
but even these are presented in different shape from time to time.[121]
§ 4
Lysias varies greatly in the structure of his sentences, at one time
producing periods neatly turned, with clauses carefully balanced, at
another time writing in a style by no means periodic; again varying
his form by mingling the two methods, inserting in the middle of the
period a parenthesis or relative clause which keeps us in suspense, or
attaching to the end of the period an extra limb which, from a technical
point of view, spoils its symmetry. It is impossible without quoting
a large number of examples to prove these statements in detail, but
we may state broadly that in speeches dealing with serious matters of
public interest the style is more periodic; in some of the private
speeches on comparatively trivial subjects the style is simpler and more
straightforward.
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