Orators -- Greece; Oratory, Ancient; Speeches, addresses, etc., Greek -- History and criticism
But there is often much variety within the limits of the same speech;
as Blass and others have pointed out, the narrative is usually told
in a simple style,[122] while for arguments and proofs the greater
elaboration of the period is employed. As I have pointed out in a
previous chapter,[123] narrative and argument seem naturally to evoke
different styles, and it may be supposed further that the juries
trying the more serious cases looked for a more finished style of
speech than the colloquial simplicity which would be admissible in
minor police-court cases. But even in the unimportant private speeches
Lysias has not one method only, and we feel that he varied his style of
sentence-construction to suit the character of the speaker for whom he
wrote. Thus the youth Mantitheus is nearly as simple in speech as he is
ingenuous in thought, while the cripple, whom we feel to be a plausible
rascal, glibly produces strings of neat antitheses, such as the following:
‘The rich with their money can buy exemption from danger, the
poor are compelled by their indigence to practise moderation.
The young claim indulgence from their elders, but both young
and old are equally severe on the faults of the others.
‘The strong have the opportunity, without risk to themselves,
of ill-treating whom they will; the weak can neither defend
themselves against an aggressor when they are ill-treated, nor
overpower their intended victims when they wish to ill-treat
others.’[124]
§ 5
The variation of sentence-construction is a minor help towards the
delineation of character—a necessary part of the business of a
professional speech-writer who tries to be realistic. But, in order that
the speech may seem appropriate to the speaker, it is necessary that
not only his words and phrases but his sentiments should be consonant
with his character. This effect Lysias attempted to produce, and he is
credited with having attained great success.
We may to some extent discover from the speeches what was the nature of
the speakers, but not altogether, for we have no indication as to tone or
manner of delivery.
However, from data of various kinds, we can form conceptions of many of
the speakers. Thus the defendant on a charge of receiving bribes (Or.
xxi.) gives a long and prosy catalogue of his services to the State, with
an account of the moneys that he has spent on liturgies (§§ 1-10); all
this leads up to his conclusion that he, who desired little for himself
and expended all his fortune for his country’s good, had no inducement to
take bribes to injure her.
* * * * *
From the _Mantitheus_ we get quite a vivid and pleasing picture of
a young Athenian of good birth and breeding, who ingenuously admits
to having some fashionable affectations and owns to an overpowering
ambition to distinguish himself as a speaker in the ecclesia, as he has
already done good service in the field.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account