Orators -- Greece; Oratory, Ancient; Speeches, addresses, etc., Greek -- History and criticism
‘Who was there who omitted to cut his hair short when the two
talents arrived? Who was there who failed to wear black, hoping
that his mourning would give him a claim to the inheritance?
Or how many relatives and sons laid claim, by deed of gift, to
the estate of Nicostratus? Demosthenes said he was his nephew,
but when the present claimants disproved his statement, he
retired. Telephus said that Nicostratus had given him all his
property. He too soon ceased to be a claimant. Ameiniades came
before the archon and produced a son for Nicostratus—a child
less than three years old, though Nicostratus had not been in
Athens for eleven years past. Pyrrhus of Lamptra said that the
money had been dedicated by Nicostratus to Athena, but given
by Nicostratus to himself. Ctesias of Besaea and Cranaus first
said that judgment had been given in their favour against
Nicostratus for a talent, and when they could not prove it,
asserted that he was their freedman. They, like the rest,
failed to establish their statement.
‘These were the parties who in the first instance pounced at
once upon the property of Nicostratus. Chariades made no claim
at the time.’[168]
Dionysius, a very keen critic on the literary side, misses in Isaeus the
grace and charm of Lysias, but allows him more cleverness.[169]
This ‘charm,’ by which Dionysius could distinguish a genuine speech of
Lysias, is incapable of definition and too elusive for our blunter wits
to apprehend; but we can form a general impression that the diction of
Lysias has something in it more pleasing than that of Isaeus. Perhaps
there is something in the illustration which the ancient critic applies,
when he compares the speeches of the former to a clearly drawn picture
of simple colour and design; those of the latter to a more elaborate and
ingenious composition, where there is more play of light and shade and
the depth and brilliance of the colouring in some cases obscures the
lines—with a suggestion that the drawing may be faulty.[170] This simile,
however, applies more truly to the structure of the speeches than to the
diction. Dionysius recurs to the style,[171] and quotes parallel extracts
from the introductions to speeches by the two writers to demonstrate the
simplicity of Lysias and the artificiality of Isaeus. The demonstration
is not overpowering. The first specimen from Lysias is indeed simple and
clear, but the extract from Isaeus, though the language is a little more
elaborate, seems equally suitable for its purpose.
Lysias wrote as follows:
‘I feel, Gentlemen, that I must tell you about my friendship
with Pherenicus, so that none of you may be surprised that I,
who have never before pleaded for any one else, am now pleading
for him. I had a friend in his father Cephisodotus, and when
our party was exiled to Thebes I stayed with him, as did any
other Athenian who wished to.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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