[127] For a discussion of the technical terms from the traditional standpoint, cf. A. Müller, “Untersuchungen zu den Bühnenalterthümern,” _Philologus_, Supplementband, VII (1899), 3 ff. Many of the terms, notably σκηνή, have numerous secondary meanings; cf. Flickinger, _Plutarch as a Source of Information on the Greek Theater_, pp. 23 ff., and Scherling, _De Vocis_ Σκηνή, _Quantum ad Theatrum Graecum Pertinet, Significatione et Usu_ (1906). Thymele is sometimes extended in application so as to denote the whole orchestra; hence θυμελικός was sometimes applied to purely orchestral performers (or their performances) in contradistinction to those who came into more immediate relationship with the scene-building and who were in consequence known as σκηνικοί (see pp. 96 f., below). [128] Fig. 25 is taken from a photograph by Professor D. M. Robinson. [129] Figs. 26 f. are taken from photographs by Dr. A. S. Cooley; Fig. 28 from one by Professor D. M. Robinson. [130] Fig. 1 is taken from a photograph furnished by Professor D. M. Robinson. [131] Fig. 29 is specially drawn and is based upon several different drawings. [132] Fig. 30 is taken from Wieseler’s _Theatergebäude und Denkmäler d. Bühnenwesens bei den Griechern und Römern_, Pl. I, Fig. 1, and is magnified two diameters as compared with the original coin. See also the medallion on the outside cover, which is reproduced from the _British Museum Catalogue of Greek Coins, Attica, Megaris, Aegina_, Pl. XIX, Fig. 8. Fig. 31 is from a photograph by Dr. A. S. Cooley. [133] Fig. 32 is redrawn, with slight alterations, from Dörpfeld-Reisch, _Das griechische Theater_, Pl. II. The age of the different remains is indicated in colors in _ibid._, Pl. I. [134] Cf. Photius, _s.v._ ἴκρια. τὰ ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ, ἀφ’ ὤν ἐθεῶντο τοὺς Διονυσιακοὺς αγῶνας πρὶν ἤ κατασκευασθῆναι τὸ ἐν Διονύσου θέατρον; likewise _s.v._ ληναῖον and ὀρχήστρα. [135] Cf. Suidas, _s.v._ Πρατίνας ... ἀντηγωνίζετο δὲ Αὶσχύλῳ τε καὶ Χοιρίλῳ, ἐπὶ τῆς ἑβδομηκοστῆς Ὀλυμπιάδος, ... ἐπιδεικνυμένου δὲ τούτου συνέβη τὰ ἴκρια, ἐφ’ ὧν ἑστήκεσαν οἱ θεαταί πεσεῖν. καὶ ἐκ τούτου θέατρον ᾠκοδομήθη Ἀθηναίοις. It is also possible that the orchestra in the precinct of Dionysus is somewhat earlier than is maintained in the text, possibly going back to the vicinity of 534 B.C., and that it was the earlier and less substantial seats near it which collapsed _ca._ 499 B.C. [136] Figs. 33 f. are taken from photographs by Dr. A. S. Cooley. The position of these stones is marked by B and C respectively in Fig. 32. Another arc of the same orchestral circle is indicated by a cutting in the native rock near the east parodus, A in Fig. 32. [137] Fig. 32_a_ is taken from F. Noack, Σκηνὴ Τραγική, _eine Studie über die scenischen Anlage auf der Orchestra des Aischylos und der anderen Tragiker_ (1915), p. 3. [138] Possibly the seats did not go back of this road at this period; they certainly did in the fourth century (Fig. 32).