64. Central towers with transeptal chapels 113 65. Transeptal towers 113 66. Lengthening of chancels 114 67. Encroachment of the chancel on the nave: Tansor 115 68. Chancel chapels 117 69. Churches with one chancel chapel 119 70. Chantry chapels attached to chancels 120 71. Effect of the addition of chapels on the cruciform plan 121 72. The aisled rectangular plan 124 73. Variations of the plan with aisled nave and chancel 126 74. Development of the aisled rectangle at Grantham 129 75. Deviation of the axis of the chancel 131 INDEX OF PLACES 134 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Hedon. Interior of nave _Frontispiece_ FIGS. PAGE 1 Plan of old St Peter's 6 2 Plan of San Vitale, Ravenna 11 3 Plan of Escomb--typical Saxon church 17 4 St Peter's, Barton-on-Humber 31 5 Aisleless plan, 12th cent. 45 6 Birkin, Yorkshire: interior 51 7 Two aisleless plans with central tower 55 8 North Newbald 57 9 Sketch of older wall above nave arcade, Gretton 72 10 Plan of Raunds church 80 11 Plan of Harringworth church 85 12 Two plans, nos. 1 and 2, of Grantham church 88 13 Sketch of arch joining arcade to tower, Gretton 93 14 Plan of 13th cent. church: W. tower, S. Porch, transeptal chapels 103 15 St Mary's, Beverley. Interior of transept. 111 16 Plans of Grantham church, nos. 3 and 4 130 CHAPTER I THE ORIGIN OF THE CHURCH PLAN IN ENGLAND