The Harvest of the Sea: A contribution to the natural and economic history of the British food fishesBertram, James Glass
Science
The Harvest of the Sea: A contribution to the natural and economic history of the British food fishes
Bertram, James Glass
Fish culture; Fisheries -- Great Britain; Fishes
fishermen find particular kinds of fish always on particular ground?
How is it that eels migrate in immense bodies? My opinion is, that
particular kinds of fish do hold always together, or at all events
gather at particular seasons into greater or lesser bodies. No doubt,
life among the inhabitants of the sea, if we could know it, is quite
as diversified as life on land, where we observe that many kinds of
animals colonise—ants, bees, etc. Are the old stories about each kind
of fish having a king so absolutely incredible after all? That there
are schools of fish is certain; how the great bodies may be divided can
only be guessed.
Whatever may be the attracting cause, and however powerful the sexual
instinct may be among fish, it can scarcely be discussed fully
in a work which makes no pretension to being scientific or even
technological. It is noteworthy, however, that fish-eggs afford us an
admirable opportunity of studying a peculiarly interesting stage of
animal life—viz. the embryo stage—which naturally enough is rather
obscure in all animals. Having had opportunities of observing the
eggs of the salmon in all their stages of progress, from the period
of their first contact with the milt till the bursting of the egg and
the coming forth of the tiny fish, I will venture briefly to describe
what I have seen, because salmon eggs are of a convenient size for
continued examination. The roe of this fine fish is, I daresay, pretty
familiar to most of my readers. The microscope reveals the eggs of
the salmon as being more oval than round, although they appear quite
round to the naked eye. A yolk seems to float in the dim-looking mass,
and the skin or shell appears full of minute holes, while there is an
appearance of a kind of canal or funnel, which opens from the outside
and is apparently closed at the inner end. The milt is found to swarm
with a species of very small creatures with big heads and long tails,
apparently of very low organisation. On the contact of this fluid
with the egg, into which it enters by the canal I have described, an
immediate change takes place—the ovum, so to speak, becomes illuminated
as if by some curious internal power, and the aspect of the egg then
appears a great deal brighter and clearer than before; and it is surely
wonderful that on the mere touching of the egg with this wonder-working
sperm so great a change should take place—a change which indicates that
the grand process of reproduction characteristic of all living nature
has begun in the ovum, and will go on with increasing strength to
maturity.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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