The Harvest of the Sea: A contribution to the natural and economic history of the British food fishesBertram, James Glass
Science
The Harvest of the Sea: A contribution to the natural and economic history of the British food fishes
Bertram, James Glass
Fish culture; Fisheries -- Great Britain; Fishes
The habits of the principal crustacea are now pretty well understood,
and their mode of growth is so peculiar as to render a close
inspection of their habits a most interesting study. As has been
stated, a good-sized lobster will yield about 20,000 eggs, and these
are hatched, being so nearly ripe before they are abandoned by the
mother, with great rapidity—it is said in forty-eight hours—and grow
quickly, although the young lobster passes through many changes
before it is fit to be presented at table. During the early periods
of growth it casts its shell frequently. This wonderful provision for
an increase of size in the lobster has been minutely studied during
its period of moulting. Mr. Jonathan Couch says the additional size
which is gained at each period of exuviation is perfectly surprising,
and it is wonderful to see the complete covering of the animal cast
off like a suit of old clothes, while it hides, naked and soft, in a
convenient hole, awaiting the growth of its new crust. In fact, it is
difficult to believe that the great soft animal ever inhabited the
cast-off habitation which is lying beside it, because the lobster
looks, and really is, so much larger. The lobster, crab, etc., change
their shells about every six weeks during the first year of their age,
every two months during the second year, and then the changing of the
shell becomes less frequent, being reduced to four times a year. It
is supposed that this animal becomes reproductive at the age of five
years. In France the lobster-fishery is to some extent “regulated.” A
close-time exists, and size is the one element of capture that is most
studied. All the small lobsters are thrown back to the water. There is
no difficulty in observing the process of exuviation. A friend of mine
had a crab which moulted in a small crystal basin. I presume that at
some period in the life of the crab or lobster growth will cease, and
the annual moulting become unnecessary; at any rate, I have seen crabs
and other crustaceans taken from an island in the Firth of Forth which
were covered with parasites evidently two or three years old.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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