The Hermitage, Home of Old HickoryHorn, Stanley F.
History
The Hermitage, Home of Old Hickory
Horn, Stanley F.
Hermitage (Hermitage, Tenn.); Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845 -- Homes and haunts -- Tennessee -- Hermitage
When Lafayette visited the Hermitage his secretary, though frankly
disappointed at the simplicity of the house itself, commented favorably
on the appearance of the garden and farm. “We everywhere remarked the
greatest order and most perfect neatness,” he wrote in his journal, “and
we might have believed ourselves on the property of one of the richest
and most skilful of the German farmers if, at every step, our eyes had
not been afflicted by the sad spectacle of slavery.” To ameliorate his
reference to the “peculiar institution,” however, the visiting Frenchman
was careful to add that “Everybody told us that General Jackson’s slaves
were treated with the greatest humanity.”
* * * *
One of the greatest problems encountered by Jackson in the management of
the Hermitage plantation, and one that he never solved to his entire
satisfaction, was that of obtaining the services of a thoroughly
competent and industrious overseer. His correspondence is studded with
letters complaining of their manifold shortcomings; and there was a
steadily changing stream of men occupying this important and trying
post.
When the General returned from his brief residence in Florida, he took
hold of things at once, and one of the first things he did was to look
for a new overseer. Alex Barksdale was hired at the beginning of the
year 1823, and some idea of the limited agricultural equipment of even a
big farm in the early days may be had from the following memorandum
receipt for tools, stock, etc., which Barksdale gave Jackson under date
of January 8, 1823:
“1 dagon plough, 5 single ploughs, 2 double ploughs, 1 colter plough, 3
pair of stretchers, 1 half-inch augur, 1 two-inch augur, 1 five-quarter
augur, 1 chissel, 1 crosscut saw, 3 scythe and cradle, 1 stone augur, 1
augur and wheel, 1 rammer, 3 clevises, 1 two-foot rule, 1 foot adze, 7
singletrees, 6 pair of hames, 10 axes, 2 mattocks, 9 hoes, 1 plough hoe,
5 pair of traces, 1 handsaw, 1 crow-bar, 1 sledge hammer, 1 hand hammer,
1 pair of wedges, 1 mortising axe, 1 drawing knife, 2 pair lock chains.
Horned cattle: 39 head grown and four oxen, 23 calves; 63 head grown
sheep; 115 head of hogs. Received January 8th from Andrew Jackson as his
overseer, to be carefully kept and superintended as such, the within
farming utensils and above stock and plantation tools. (signed) Alex
Barksdale.”
Barksdale came well recommended, but did not finish out the year, being
succeeded by Benjamin B. Person. Person filled the job until the end of
1824, then he too passed on to make way for another new one.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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