The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 05 : $b the Roman Republic
History
The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 05 : $b the Roman Republic
World history
their soft prayers to the lofty supplications of his mother, he turned
to her with bitterness of soul, and said: “O my mother, thou hast saved
Rome, but lost thy son!”
So he drew off his army, and the women went back to Rome and were hailed
as the saviours of their country. And the senate ordered a temple to
be built and dedicated to “Woman’s Fortune” (_Fortuna Muliebris_); and
Valeria was the first priestess of the temple.
But Coriolanus returned to dwell among the Volscians; and Tullius, who
had before become jealous of his superiority, excited the people against
him, saying that he had purposely spared their great enemy the city of
Rome, even when it was within their grasp. So he lost favour, and was
slain in a tumult;[32] and the words he had spoken to his mother were
truly fulfilled.[c]
_Critical Examination of the Story of Coriolanus_
“If we examine the particulars of the foregoing narrative,” says
Wilhelm Ihne, “we find that no single feature of it can be considered
historical, and that it consists altogether of baseless fictions of a
later period, which betray a great want of skill in the invention of a
probable narrative, and even ignorance of the institutions and manners
of the Roman people. The conquest of Corioli is evidently invented to
account for the name Coriolanus. For the whole of the alleged history
of the campaign in which Corioli is reported to have been conquered, the
annalists, as Livy himself admits, had no positive testimony. And so
thoughtless and ignorant were the Roman annalists, that they mentioned as
the benefactor of the distressed Romans the tyrant Dionysius of Syracuse.
This chronological error was discovered by the learned archæologist
Dionysius, who was too well acquainted with the history of his
disreputable namesake of Syracuse to suppose that he could have sent corn
to Rome about half a century before he was born. He therefore substitutes
Gelo as the Greek tyrant who is said to have sent the corn. It is evident
that the removal of a gross blunder does not amount to positive evidence,
and the learning and ingenuity of Dionysius are therefore thrown away.
“The accusation and sentence of Coriolanus by the plebs, almost
immediately after the first election of tribunes, was impossible.
According to Livy, the Volscians conquered, in the course of one summer,
twelve--and, according to Dionysius, fourteen--Latin towns, overran the
whole of Latium, and penetrated into the immediate neighbourhood of Rome.
When we consider what a small measure of success usually followed a
campaign, how difficult, even in the time of their undisputed supremacy,
the Romans found it to reduce a single town, it may well be looked upon
as a miracle that the Volscians took seven towns, as Dionysius says, in
thirty days. But what is still more wonderful than the rapid conquest of
so many Latin towns by the Volscians, is the ready restoration of them to
the Latins.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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