The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 08 : $b Parthians, Sassanids and Arabs; the Crusades and the Papacy
History
The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 08 : $b Parthians, Sassanids and Arabs; the Crusades and the Papacy
World history
PAGE
INTRODUCTORY ESSAY. THE SCOPE AND INFLUENCE OF ARABIC HISTORY.
By Dr. Theodor Nöldeke 1
HISTORY IN OUTLINE OF PARTHIANS, SASSANIDS, AND ARABS (250
B.C.-1375 A.D.) 25
CHAPTER I
THE PARTHIAN EMPIRE (250 B.C.-228 A.D.) 47
Justin’s account of the Parthians, 47. Their customs, 48.
Seleucus and Arsaces, 49. Wars with Rome, 51. Modern accounts
of Parthia, 53. The Parthian empire, 53. Arsaces and the
Arsacids, 54. Bactria and Parthia consolidate, 55. Conquests of
Mithridates, 57. Media and Babylonia conquered, 58. Parthian
“kingdoms,” 59. Scythian conquest of Bactria, 60. The Scythians
ravage Parthia, 61. First conflict with Rome, 62. Orodes
defeats the Romans, 63. Plutarch’s account of the battle of
Carrhæ, 63. Phraates IV repels Mark Antony, 68. Anarchy in
Parthia, 70. The Romans intervene, 72. The decay of Parthian
greatness, 74. Persia conquers Parthia, 75.
CHAPTER II
THE EMPIRE OF THE SASSANIDS (228-750 A.D.) 76
Sassanian power, 77. Sapor fights Rome, 78. The war with
Palmyra, 79. A new war with Rome, 81. Ardashir II to Bahram
IV, 82. The rule of Yezdegerd I, 83. The Arabs aid in war with
Rome, 84. War with the Hephthalites, 85. Kavadh I, 86. New
conflict with Rome, 86. Exploits of Mundhir, 87. Chosroes the
Just, 88. Chosroes attacks Rome, 88. Hormuzd IV, 91. Civil war,
91. Vices of Chosroes II, 93. Conflict with Heraclius; fall of
Chosroes II, 94. Successors of Chosroes II, 95. Anarchy and
chaos, 96. Arab incursions, 97. Arab conquest, 98.
CHAPTER III
EARLY HISTORY OF THE ARABS (_ca._ 2500 B.C.-622 A.D.) 100
Arab history before Mohammed, 105.
CHAPTER IV
MOHAMMED (570-632 A.D.) 111
Mohammed ben Abdallah ben Abdul-Muttalib, 111. Religious
unrest, 111. Mohammed’s life, 113. His marriage with Khadija,
113. Mohammed as a prophet, 115. Mohammed an outlaw, 116.
The Hegira, 117. Battle of Bedr, 120. Battle of Ohod,
121. Expedition against the Jews, 123. Siege of Medina,
extermination of the Jews, 123. Mohammed’s pilgrimage to Mecca,
125. Subjection of Mecca, 126. The victory of Honain and Autas,
128. The last years of Mohammed’s life, 130. Gibbon’s estimate
of Mohammed and Mohammedanism, 132.
CHAPTER V
THE SPREAD OF ISLAM (632-661 A.D.) 145
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