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The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 08 : $b Parthians, Sassanids and Arabs; the Crusades and the Papacy — John Shaqi

The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 08 : $b Parthians, Sassanids and Arabs; the Crusades and the Papacy

History

The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 08 : $b Parthians, Sassanids and Arabs; the Crusades and the Papacy

World history

The papacy in connection with the Frankish Empire, 524.
    Gregory the Great, 531. Christian mythology, 534. Worship of
    the Virgin, 535. Angels and devils, 536. Martyrs and relics,
    536. Sanctity of the clergy, 537. State after death, 538.
    Gregory’s successors, 539. Draper on the origin of iconoclasm,
    544. Milman on iconoclasm, 545. The war of iconoclasm, 546.
    Constantine Copronymus, 548. Third Council of Constantinople,
    549. The war on monasteries, 550. Helena and Irene, 552. Second
    Council of Nicæa, 552.

                               CHAPTER II

  “THE NIGHT OF THE PAPACY”--CHARLEMAGNE TO OTTO THE GREAT
  (740-985 A.D.)                                                       555

    Independence of the Roman bishops, 556. The appeal to the
    Franks, 556. Charlemagne and the pope, 558. The donation from
    Constantine, 559. Charlemagne’s third and fourth entrances into
    Italy, 561. The realm of the popes, 562. The trial of the pope
    and the crowning of Charlemagne, 563. Papal ambition after
    Charlemagne, 565. The myth of the woman pope, 567. Rivalry
    of Nicholas and Photius, 569. Synod at Constantinople, 570.
    The false decretals, 571. Adrian II, 574. Pope Formosus, 577.
    Theodora in power, 579. The infamous Marozia, 581. Rebellion of
    Rome, 582. Pope John XII, 583. Trial of the pope, 583. Charles
    Kingsley on temporal power, 587.

                               CHAPTER III

  THE HIGH NOON OF THE PAPACY (985-1305 A.D.)                          589

    The dream of Otto III, 590. The German popes, 591. The college
    of cardinals, 592. Milman on the mission of the papacy, 593.
    Simony, 596. Celibacy of the clergy, 596. Gregory’s synod at
    Rome, 597. Bryce on the consequences of the Concordat, 602.
    Rival claimants, 602. Adrian IV _versus_ Barbarossa, 603.
    Adrian’s firmness, 605. Two rival popes, 606. Innocent III,
    607. The influence of the crusades on papal power, 608. The
    autocracy of Innocent III, 610. Universal sway of the pope,
    611. Milman’s estimate of Innocent III, 612. Frederick II at
    war with the papacy, 614. Council at Lyons, 616. Accession of
    Boniface VIII, 618. Philip the Fair overpowers the papacy, 618.
    Hallam on the climax of papal power, 620.

                               CHAPTER IV

  FROM EXILE TO SUPREMACY (1305-1513 A.D.)                             623

    Clement V, 624. The fate of the Templars, 625. John XXII to
    Urban V, 626. The Great Schism of the West, 630. Relation of
    the national churches to the state, 632. Moral condition of the
    clergy, 633. The great councils of Pisa and Constance; John
    Huss, 634. Milman on Nicholas V and the fall of Constantinople,
    640. Popes to 1503, 642. Alexander VI, the Borgia, 644.
    Estimates of Alexander VI, 645. Julius II, 647. Prevalence of
    secularism in the Church, 648.

  BRIEF REFERENCE-LIST OF AUTHORITIES BY CHAPTERS                      651

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The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 08 : $b Parthians, Sassanids and Arabs; the Crusades and the Papacy

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