The Ottoman Turks; special character of their invasion; contrast with other Turanian invasions; comparison with the Saracens in Spain 442-443 Comparison of the Ottoman dominions with the Eastern Empire 443 Effects of the Mongolian invasion; origin of the Ottomans; their position in Europe and Asia; break-up and reunion of their dominion; its permanence 443-444 Advance of the Ottomans in Asia; in Europe; dominion of Bajazet 444-445 Victory of Timour; reunion of the Ottoman power under Mahomet the First 445-446 Mahomet the Second; taking of Constantinople; extent of his dominion; taking of Otranto 446 Conquest of Syria and Egypt 447 Reign of Suleiman; his conquests; Hungary; Rhodes; Naxos; his African overlordship 447 Conquest of Cyprus; decline of the Ottoman power 447-448 Greatest extent of the Ottoman power; Crete and Podolia 448 Ottoman loss of Hungary; loss and recovery of Peloponnêsos; Bosnia and Herzegovina; union of inland and maritime Illyria 448 English vassalage in Cyprus 449 Relations between Russia and the Turk; Azof; Treaty of Kainardji; Crim; Jedisan; Bessarabia; shiftings of the Moldavian frontier 449-450 § 9. _The Liberated States._ Lands liberated from the Turk; comparison of Hungary with Greece, Servia, &c. 450 The Servian people the first to revolt 450 The Ionian Islands the first liberated state; the Septinsular Republic; overlordship of the Turk 451 The Venetian outposts given to the Turk; surrender of Parga; last Ottoman encroachment 451 The Ionian Islands under British protection 451 The Greek War of Independence; extent of the Greek nation; extent of the liberated lands 451-452 Kingdom of Greece; addition of the Ionian Islands; promised addition in Thessaly and Epeiros 452 First deliverance and reconquest of Servia 453 Second deliverance; Servia a tributary principality 452-453 Withdrawal of Turkish garrisons 453 Independence and enlargement of Servia 453 Fourfold division of the Servian nation 453 The Rouman principalities; union of Wallachia and Moldavia 453 Independence and new frontier of Roumania 453-454