Temporary Swedish possession of Scania; union of Calmar; division and reunion; abiding union of Denmark and Norway 487-488 Union of Iceland with Norway; loss of the Scandinavian settlements in the British isles 488 Swedish advance in Finland 488 Temporary greatness of Denmark, settlement of Esthland; conquest of Sclavinia; Danish advance in Germany; Holstein, &c.; long retention of Rügen 488-490 Duchy of South-Jutland or Sleswick; its relations to Denmark and Holstein; royal and ducal lines; conquest of Ditmarschen 490-491 Effect of the Danish advance on the Slavonic lands; western losses of Poland; Pomerania; Silesia 491-492 Kingdom of Bohemia; dominion of Ottocar; the Luxemburg kings 492-493 Annexation of Silesia and Lusatia; territory lost to Matthias Corvinus 493 Union with Austria; later losses 493 German corporations; the Hansa; its nature; not strictly a territorial power 494-495 The Military Orders; Sword-brothers and Teutonic knights; their connexion with the Empire; effects of their rule 495 The Sword-brothers in Livland and Esthland; extent of their dominion 495-496 The Teutonic order in Prussia; union with the Sword-brothers; acquisition of Culm, Pomerelia, Samogitia, Gotland; the New Mark 496 Losses of the order; cession of Pomerelia and part of Prussia to Poland; the remainder a Polish fief 496-497 Advance of Christianity; Lithuania the last heathen power; its great advance 497-498 Consolidation of Poland; conquests of Casimir the Great; shiftings of Red Russia 498 Union of Poland and Lithuania; recovery of the Polish duchies; Lithuanian advance; closer union 498-499 Revival of Russia; power of Moscow; name of _Muscovy_ 499-500 Break-up of the Mongol power; the Khanats of Crim, Kazan, Siberia, Astrakhan 501 Deliverance of Russia; Crim dependent on the Turk 501 Advance of Moscow; annexation of Novgorod, &c.; Russia united and independent 501 Survey at the end of the fifteenth century 502 § 4. _The Growth of Russia and Sweden._ Growth of Russia; creation of Prussia; temporary greatness of Sweden 503