Conquests of Marcus, Severus, and Diocletian; cessions of Jovian 100 Division of Armenia; Hundred Years’ Peace 100 Summary 101-102 CHAPTER V. THE FINAL DIVISION OF THE EMPIRE. § 1. _The Reunion of the Empire._ Continued existence of the Empire; position of the Teutonic kings 103 Extent of the Empire at the accession of Justinian 104 Conquests of Justinian; their effects 104-106 Provence ceded to the Franks 105 § 2. _Settlement of the Lombards in Italy._ Early history of the Lombards; Gepidæ, Avars 106-107 Possibility of Teutonic powers on the Danube 107 Lombard conquest of Italy; its partial nature; territory kept by the Empire 107-108 § 3. _Rise of the Saracens._ Loss of the Spanish province by the Empire 108 Wars of Chosroes and Heraclius 109 Extension of Roman power on the Euxine 109-110 Relation of the Arabs to Rome and Persia 110 Union of the Arabs under Mahomet; renewed Aryan and Semitic strife 110 Loss of the Eastern and African provinces of Rome 111 Saracen conquest of Persia 111 Conquest of Spain; Saracen province in Gaul 111-112 Effects of the Saracen conquests; distinction between the Latin, Greek, and Eastern provinces 112 Greatest extent of Saracen provinces 112 Loss of Septimania 113 § 4. _Settlements of the Slavonic Nations._ Movements of the Slaves; Avars, Magyars, &c. 113-114 Geographical separation of the Slaves 114 Analogy between Teutons and Slaves 114 Slavonic settlements under Heraclius; the Dalmatian cities; displacement of the Illyrians 115 Slavonic settlements in Greece 115-116 Settlement of the Bulgarians 116 Curtailment of the Empire; moral influence of Constantinople 116-117 § 5. _The Transfer of the Western Empire to the Franks._ Conquests of the Franks in Germany and Gaul 117-119 Their position in Germany, Northern Gaul, and Southern Gaul 119-120 Division of the Frankish dominion; Austria and Neustria 120-121 Use of the name _Francia_; Teutonic and Latin _Francia_; modern forms of the name 121 The Karlings; their conquests; German character of their power 121-122