The Historical Growth of the English Parish ChurchThompson, A. Hamilton (Alexander Hamilton)
History
The Historical Growth of the English Parish Church
Thompson, A. Hamilton (Alexander Hamilton)
Church architecture -- England
The college reserved the quire for its own services, while
the parishioners of the old peculiar of the priory used the nave and
transepts. The ante-chapel of Merton college chapel at Oxford was used
till quite lately as the parish church of St John Baptist.
§ 22. No better instance of the complicating influence of chantry
chapels on the plan of a parish church could be given than the church
of St John Baptist at Cirencester. The oldest part of the present
building is the chancel with its south chapel, which contain twelfth
and early thirteenth century work, but are in the main the fruit of a
later thirteenth century reconstruction. The north chapel, known as St
Katharine's chapel, is a rather narrow aisle, communicating with the
chancel by fourteenth century arches. North of this, again, there may
have been a lady chapel on part of the site of the present one. Towards
the middle of the fifteenth century, the aisles of the nave were much
widened, the width taken for the new north aisle being about twice the
width of St Katharine's chapel, and the new south aisle being rather
wider than the south chapel of the chancel. The Trinity chapel was
formed by adding to the nave an extra north aisle, about half as long
as the adjacent aisle, from which it is divided by a stone screen.
There had been an earlier altar of the Trinity in the church; for the
licence granted to Robert Playn and others in 1382 to found a chantry
of two chaplains in Cirencester church placed one at the altar of the
Trinity, and the other at the altar of St Mary. In 1392 another chantry
was founded in the lady chapel. But, in its present state, the lady
chapel seems to belong to the later part of the fifteenth century,
when it was probably much broadened, so as to overlap the east wall of
the Trinity chapel. Both it and St Katharine's chapel open into the
north aisle through four-centred arches: they open into one another by
two arches pierced in the intermediate wall. Between these arches has
been left a thin piece of wall, in which rectangular slits, commanding
the altar of the lady chapel, have been cut. The plan thus includes two
chapels north of the chancel, and another north of the nave, as well as
the south chapel of the chancel. The rebuilding of the nave, with its
splendid south porch, its smaller north porch, and its western tower,
was not completed until early in the sixteenth century. The Jesus
chapel was enclosed within screens at the south-east corner of the
south aisle; and the roof of St Katharine's chapel was heightened, and
provided with fan vaulting.
[Illustration: Fig. 2. Plan of Cirencester Church.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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