The early character of National Independence enjoyed by the Sidonians, and the primitive character of justice among them, may be gathered from the description of the people of Laish, who are compared to the Sidonians; and the military prowess of the latter people is also expressed. 1406 B. C.] "Then the five men departed, and came to Laish, and saw the people that were therein, how they dwelt _careless, after the manner of the Sidonians, quiet and secure_; and there _was no magistrate in the land_,[11] that might put _them_ to shame for any thing;--[_i. e._ for crimes]--and they were far from the Sidonians, and had no business with any man." "And there was no deliverer,--_because_ it [Laish] was far from Sidon." [Judges xviii. 7, 28.] [11] The increase of crime in any Nation is instantly ascertained, by finding the ratio increase of Lawyers,--and the purity of a People by their absence,--as at Laish,--of course having regard to the relative increase of population. The same argument will obtain, in reference to the increase of physical disease, by observing the ratio increase of the members of the Medical profession.--G. J. In the course of time there were six Kingdoms or Nations of Phœnicia,--viz., Sidon, Tyrus, Aradnus, Berytus, Byblos, and Carthage. The inhabitants of the kingdoms in Asia bore one general name--Phœnicians,--though each had its own name from its derivative,--as Sidonians, Tyrians, &c. The great nation in Africa, was not included in the general appellation, but from its Republican character, possessed its own,--viz., Carthaginians. HISTORY OF TYRUS. ITS RISE AND FALL, AND THE MIGRATION OF THE TYRIANS TO THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE. CHAPTER II. (1600-1046 B.C.) THE FOUNDING OF TYRUS--EARLY NAVIGATION OF THE TYRIANS--FOUNDING OF THE MONARCHY--THE FIRST KING OF TYRUS, &c. The Nation of Sidon having increased in power and population, sent one of the Cadmii with a Colony to found _Pæle Tyr_: this was on the _Continent_, or main land of the Phœnician coast,--23 miles from Sidon, and 80 from ancient Jebus (_i. e._ Jerusalem). The Mother-land at another period sent a second Colony to aid the previous one, and from which blended circumstance, it is found in the Bible that Tyrus is called "The Daughter of Sidon." The year in which the first Colony was sent, is not defined, but it must have been many years before the Conquest of the Canaanites by JOSHUA;--for not only were there in existence at that time the "great Sidon,"--but, in dividing the subdued lands among the Tribes, that of Asher received certain portions on the sea-coast of Phœnicia, and it is distinctly stated that Tyrus at that period was a metropolis and fortified. "And Hebron, and Rehob, and Hammon, and Kanah even unto great Sidon; and then the coast turneth to Ramah, and to _the strong City Tyre_," &c. [Joshua xix. 28-29.]