prosperity; that the splendour of a high and glorious position stands in such close and striking proximity to the deepest humiliation. There is hardly any instance of a warlike and brave nation passing so suddenly and utterly into obscurity as the Lydians; and never has so ancient, so flourishing, and powerful a kingdom, while yet in the period of its growth, been so swiftly overthrown, never to rise again. FOOTNOTES: [1] Herod. 1, 74, 79, 155; Xenoph. "Cyri inst." 7, 2, 11. [2] Herod. 1, 71; and equally from the Persian point of view, Xenophon, "Cyri inst." 6, 2, 22. [3] Ctes. "Pers." 4; Fragm. 31, ed. Müller. [4] Polyaen. "Strateg." 7, 6, 3, 19; 7, 8, [Woelfflin]. [5] "Cyri inst." 1, 5, 3. [6] "Cyri inst." 2, 1, 5, 6. [7] Xenoph. "Anab." 5, 5, 17. Vol. I. 257. [8] "Cyri inst." 2, 1, 5; 6, 2, 8, 9; 7, 2, 15 ff. [9] I draw this conclusion from the story of Eurybatus, which was told by Ephorus; Fragm. 100, ed. Müller. [10] Excerpt. Vatic, p. 26; "De virtute et vitiis," p. 553. [=9, 31 ff.] [11] Justin, 1, 7. Lucian ("Contemplat." 9) represents Cyrus as conquering Babylonia and then marching against Lydia. [12] [Nic. Damasc. Frag. 68, ed. Müller.] [13] "Cyri inst." 7, 2, 20. [14] Strabo, p. 575, 587. [15] Pausan. 7, 17, 9. 10. [16] Herod. 1, 131; 3, 16. [17] Marmor Parnium, ep. 41. [18] Boeckh, "Staatshaushaltung" 1. 10, 11; H. Stein on Herod. 1, 50. [19] Aristot. "Rhetor." 3, 5; Diod. Exc. Vatic. p. 25, 26[=9, 31]. [20] Herod. 1, 69. [21] "Cyri inst." 6, 2, 10, 11.