The History of Badlands National Monument and the White River (Big) Badlands of South DakotaMattison, Ray H.
History
The History of Badlands National Monument and the White River (Big) Badlands of South Dakota
Mattison, Ray H.
Badlands National Park (S.D.) -- History
In April 1928 Norbeck wrote Representative Williamson asking him to help
draft a bill for the park. The first part of the bill, Norbeck
indicated, would “include the Badlands Wall proper, from a point about 4
miles east of Interior to a point 12 or 14 miles southwest of Wall.”[93]
The establishment of the park would be contingent on the building of a
road by the State through the proposed area and the State acquiring 90
percent of the privately owned lands within it. The second part of the
bill would authorize a national monument which would include Sheep
Mountain and the surrounding area, some six to seven miles southwest of
Scenic. The authorization of this area would be conditional upon the
construction of a highway from Scenic to the Pine Ridge Indian
Reservation and acquisition of the lands within the proposed monument by
the State of South Dakota. The third portion of the bill would authorize
the abandonment of Wind Cave National Park![94]
The bills as finally presented to Congress by Norbeck and Williamson
were somewhat different from the one which the Senator planned.
During the first session of the 70th Congress, Norbeck and Williamson
introduced identical legislation in their respective houses on May 8,
1928, to set aside the Badlands as a national park. Norbeck introduced
S. 4385, “A Bill To establish Teton National Park in the State of South
Dakota....” The bill authorized the Secretary of the Interior, through
negotiation, to exchange privately owned lands within the proposed park
for public lands of equal value outside. The bill contained a provision
that when 90 percent of the privately owned lands within the proposed
area had been acquired without expense to the federal treasury and
transferred to the government for park purposes, the park would be set
aside for the people, “... Provided, That the State of South Dakota
shall have first constructed” approximately 40 miles of suitable road to
specified points inside and outside the proposed park.[95]
[Illustration: Figure 15 SENATOR PETER NORBECK
(1870-1936)]
Norbeck’s bill was referred to the Committee on Public Lands and
Surveys. On May 19 the bill was reported out without amendment. The
accompanying report (No. 1246) gave a strong endorsement to the
proposal.[96] On May 23, the bill was considered as in Committee of the
Whole and passed the Senate.[97]
However, in the House where Williamson had introduced an identical bill
(H.R. 13618), the park proposal ran into trouble. In a circular letter
dated November 7, 1928, the National Parks Association claimed that the
proposed Teton National Park had not been examined for standards by the
National Park Service before the Senate acted on the proposal and that
the bill was hurried through that body. Asserting that the proposed area
was reported below standard by the National Park Service, the
association charged:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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