The History of Badlands National Monument and the White River (Big) Badlands of South Dakota — John Shaqi
The History of Badlands National Monument and the White River (Big) Badlands of South DakotaMattison, Ray H.
History
The History of Badlands National Monument and the White River (Big) Badlands of South Dakota
Mattison, Ray H.
Badlands National Park (S.D.) -- History
On January 2, 1954, the Secretary of Agriculture transferred the Land
Utilization Program, including lands in the vicinity of the national
monument, from the Soil Conservation Service to the U.S. Forest
Service.[237] This, in part, prompted a Program of Procedure for Land
Exchanges, a revision of the Recommended Program of Procedure, to be
drafted. The new agreement was signed in September 1954 by officials of
both services. It states in part that all future land exchanges are to
be handled by the Forest Service. This includes exchanges with private
parties who own land inside the national monument boundary. One
objective of such land exchanges is to eliminate all non-federal lands
from within Badlands National Monument.[238] Since 1954 elimination of
such lands has come about largely through exchanges, although in a few
instances actual purchases were made.
[Illustration: Figure 26 RIBBON-CUTTING CEREMONY
AT BADLANDS NATIONAL MONUMENT DEDICATION, SEPTEMBER 16, 1959
Left to Right: NPS Regional Director Howard Baker, Region Two (now
Midwest Region); Conrad Wirth, NPS Director; Fred Seaton, Secretary
of the Interior; Congressman E.Y. Berry; Mrs. George H. Sholly,
widow of Badlands National Monument Superintendent; Mrs. Ralph
Herseth; and Governor Ralph Herseth of South Dakota.]
Concurrently with boundary adjustments, the NPS gave considerable
thought to a grazing management plan for the area whereby grazing might
be eliminated without serious hardship to the local ranchers. As a
result the Service presented a plan in May 1948 to grazing permittees
outlining a schedule for the gradual termination of grazing on federally
owned national monument lands by December 31, 1961.[239]
MISSION 66 DEVELOPMENT
In 1956, the National Park Service launched a 10-year park conservation
development program known as Mission 66. This was to have great impact
on the national monument. Under the program an expenditure of nearly
$5,000,000 for roads, trails, buildings, and utilities was planned.
Among the major projects undertaken and completed between 1956 and 1960
were a realinement and oil surfacing of main roads, the development of
the Conata Picnic Area and the Cedar Pass and Dillon Pass campgrounds,
and the erection of utility and storage buildings, three
multiple-housing units, five employee residences, and an
amphitheater.[240]
In May 1955 the Millard family donated two tracts of land totaling 18.50
acres to the NPS. Of this total, 5.85 acres, located in front of Cedar
Pass Lodge, were donated for the right-of-way of the relocated highway;
the remaining 12.65 acres made possible the development of Cedar Pass
Campground.[241]
The visitor center was completed in May 1959. This large structure
houses the national monument headquarters, interpretive exhibits, and an
audiovisual presentation of the Badlands story.[242]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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