The History of Chemistry, Volume 2 (of 2)Thomson, Thomas
History
The History of Chemistry, Volume 2 (of 2)
Thomson, Thomas
Chemistry -- History
These constitute (such of them as can be procured) some of the most
useful and most powerful chemical reagents in use. There is also
another compound body, _cyanogen_, similar in its characters to a
supporter: it also forms various acids, by uniting to hydrogen,
chlorine, oxygen, sulphur, &c. Thus we have
Hydrocyanic acid
Chlorocyanic acid
Cyanic acid
Sulpho-cyanic acid, &c.
We know, also, fluosilicic acid and fluoboric acids. If to these we
add fulminic acid, and the various sulphur acids already investigated,
we may state, without risk of any excess, that the number of acids at
present known to chemists, and capable of uniting to bases, exceeds a
hundred.
The number of alkaline bases is not, perhaps, so great; but it must
even at present exceed seventy; and it will certainly be much augmented
when chemists turn their attention to the subject. Now every base is
capable of uniting with almost every acid,[9] in all probability in at
least three different proportions: so that the number of _salts_ which
they are capable of forming cannot be fewer than 21,000. Now scarcely
1000 of these are at present known, or have been investigated with
tolerable precision. What a prodigious field of investigation remains
to be traversed must be obvious to the most careless reader. In such
a number of salts, how many remain unknown that might be applied to
useful purposes, either in medicine, or as mordants, or dyes, &c. How
much, in all probability, will be added to the resources of mankind by
such investigations need not be observed.
[9] Acids and bases of the same class all unite. Thus sulphur acids
unite with sulphur bases; oxygen acids with oxygen bases, &c.
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