Produced by Chuck Greif, Broward County Library and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Etext transcriber's note: Obvious typographical errors have been corrected; the original orthography, including variation in the spelling of names, has been retained. The Index included at the end of this etext (which includes volumes 1 thru 4) appears at the end of volume four of The History of Cuba. It is provided here for the convenience of the reader. [Illustration: FRANCISCO DE ARANGO One of the noblest names in Cuban history of a century and more ago is that of Francisco de Arango y Parreño, advocate, economist and statesman. He came of a family of noble lineage, and was born in Havana on May 22, 1765. Among the great men of his day in Cuba, who were many, he was one of the foremost, as the detailed story of his labors and achievements in the chapters of this History abundantly attests. He worked for the reform of the economic system of the island, for the development of agriculture on an enlightened basis, for the extension of popular education, and for the promotion of commerce. He urged upon King Charles III plans for averting the evil influences of the French Revolution, while securing the good results; and he set an example in educational matters by himself founding an important school. Recognized and honored the world over for his character, talents and achievements, he died on March 21, 1837.] THE HISTORY OF CUBA BY WILLIS FLETCHER JOHNSON A.M., L.H.D. Author of "A Century of Expansion," "Four Centuries of the Panama Canal," "America's Foreign Relations" Honorary Professor of the History of American Foreign Relations in New York University _WITH ILLUSTRATIONS_ VOLUME TWO [Illustration] NEW YORK B. F. BUCK & COMPANY, INC. 156 FIFTH AVENUE 1920 Copyright, 1920, BY CENTURY HISTORY CO. _All rights reserved_ ENTERED AT STATIONERS HALL LONDON, ENGLAND. PRINTED IN U. S. A. CONTENTS PAGE CHAPTER I 1 Entering a New Era--The Freedom of the Seas--Progress of the Slave Trade--Clandestine Commercial Operations and Political Intrigues--The Genius of Governor Guazo--Attacking the British and French--Close of a Notable Administration--Shipyards at Havana--Havana Threatened by the British--Rivalries in Cuban Politics--Foundation of the University of Cuba--Change in Land Tenure--Copper Mining--Insurrections of the Slaves--Glimpses of Social Life in Cuba. CHAPTER II 18